The ldbl-128ibm implementation of hypotl returns a+b if the absolute values of the arguments have a ratio of over 2^60. But while in such a case it's true that the round-to-nearest result will be the larger absolute value of an argument, a+b isn't the correct way to compute that result, and results in large errors until the ratio is over 2^106. For example, hypotl (1.0L, 0x1p-61L) has a 17592186044416 ulp error (as computed using libm-test.inc). This appears to be what's causing 16 ulp errors for csqrtl tests as well.
Fixed for 2.17 by: commit 8e27e3cc453849158e069dbed0eea7b8113ab8ff Author: Joseph Myers <joseph@codesourcery.com> Date: Thu Nov 22 14:57:22 2012 +0000 Fix ldbl-128ibm hypotl inaccuracy for arguments with large ratio (bug 14868).