Stdio redirection?
Aklilu Noah
naklilu@gpu.srv.ualberta.ca
Sun Oct 1 22:55:00 GMT 2000
Actually you write a set of support functions of which
two are read and write (low level i/o functions). These
provide the ability to read and write characters to whatever
i/o device you are using e.g. a UART.
The web documentation on newlib should provide a list of support
functions that are required. I believe printf also requires
a malloc function (for allocating a buffer).
Noah.
On Mon, 2 Oct 2000, Russ.Shaw wrote:
> Date: Mon, 02 Oct 2000 15:05:55 +1000
> From: Russ.Shaw <russell@webaxs.net>
> To: newlib@sources.redhat.com, crossgcc@sourceware.cygnus.com
> Subject: Stdio redirection?
>
> Hi all,
>
> I'm using gcc-2.95.2 on a gnu/linux system, configured as a
> cross-compiler for the hitachi h8300-hms.
>
> I got a cygnus CD with the hitachi board i bought, but it only
> works with windoze, and the manuals don't cover what i need...
>
> In <stdio.h> (inluded here), how do i get the printf() functions
> to use my own putch() and getch() functions for the serial ports?
>
>
>
> /*
> * Copyright (c) 1990 The Regents of the University of California.
> * All rights reserved.
> *
> * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms are permitted
> * provided that the above copyright notice and this paragraph are
> * duplicated in all such forms and that any documentation,
> * advertising materials, and other materials related to such
> * distribution and use acknowledge that the software was developed
> * by the University of California, Berkeley. The name of the
> * University may not be used to endorse or promote products derived
> * from this software without specific prior written permission.
> * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED ``AS IS'' AND WITHOUT ANY EXPRESS OR
> * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, THE IMPLIED
> * WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
> *
> * @(#)stdio.h 5.3 (Berkeley) 3/15/86
> */
>
> /*
> * NB: to fit things in six character monocase externals, the
> * stdio code uses the prefix `__s' for stdio objects, typically
> * followed by a three-character attempt at a mnemonic.
> */
>
> #ifndef _STDIO_H_
> #ifdef __cplusplus
> extern "C" {
> #endif
> #define _STDIO_H_
>
> #include "_ansi.h"
>
> #define _FSTDIO /* ``function stdio'' */
>
> #define __need_size_t
> #include <stddef.h>
>
> #define __need___va_list
> #include <stdarg.h>
>
> /*
> * <sys/reent.h> defines __sFILE, _fpos_t.
> * They must be defined there because struct _reent needs them (and we don't
> * want reent.h to include this file.
> */
>
> #include <sys/reent.h>
>
> typedef _fpos_t fpos_t;
>
> typedef struct __sFILE FILE;
>
> #define __SLBF 0x0001 /* line buffered */
> #define __SNBF 0x0002 /* unbuffered */
> #define __SRD 0x0004 /* OK to read */
> #define __SWR 0x0008 /* OK to write */
> /* RD and WR are never simultaneously asserted */
> #define __SRW 0x0010 /* open for reading & writing */
> #define __SEOF 0x0020 /* found EOF */
> #define __SERR 0x0040 /* found error */
> #define __SMBF 0x0080 /* _buf is from malloc */
> #define __SAPP 0x0100 /* fdopen()ed in append mode - so must write to end */
> #define __SSTR 0x0200 /* this is an sprintf/snprintf string */
> #define __SOPT 0x0400 /* do fseek() optimisation */
> #define __SNPT 0x0800 /* do not do fseek() optimisation */
> #define __SOFF 0x1000 /* set iff _offset is in fact correct */
> #define __SMOD 0x2000 /* true => fgetline modified _p text */
> #if defined(__CYGWIN__) || defined(__CYGWIN__)
> #define __SCLE 0x4000 /* convert line endings CR/LF <-> NL */
> #endif
>
> /*
> * The following three definitions are for ANSI C, which took them
> * from System V, which stupidly took internal interface macros and
> * made them official arguments to setvbuf(), without renaming them.
> * Hence, these ugly _IOxxx names are *supposed* to appear in user code.
> *
> * Although these happen to match their counterparts above, the
> * implementation does not rely on that (so these could be renumbered).
> */
> #define _IOFBF 0 /* setvbuf should set fully buffered */
> #define _IOLBF 1 /* setvbuf should set line buffered */
> #define _IONBF 2 /* setvbuf should set unbuffered */
>
> #ifndef NULL
> #define NULL 0
> #endif
>
> #define BUFSIZ 1024
> #define EOF (-1)
>
> #define FOPEN_MAX 20 /* must be <= OPEN_MAX <sys/syslimits.h> */
> #define FILENAME_MAX 1024 /* must be <= PATH_MAX <sys/syslimits.h> */
> #define L_tmpnam 1024 /* XXX must be == PATH_MAX */
> #ifndef __STRICT_ANSI__
> #define P_tmpdir "/tmp"
> #endif
>
> #ifndef SEEK_SET
> #define SEEK_SET 0 /* set file offset to offset */
> #endif
> #ifndef SEEK_CUR
> #define SEEK_CUR 1 /* set file offset to current plus offset */
> #endif
> #ifndef SEEK_END
> #define SEEK_END 2 /* set file offset to EOF plus offset */
> #endif
>
> #define TMP_MAX 26
>
> #define stdin (_impure_ptr->_stdin)
> #define stdout (_impure_ptr->_stdout)
> #define stderr (_impure_ptr->_stderr)
>
> #define _stdin_r(x) ((x)->_stdin)
> #define _stdout_r(x) ((x)->_stdout)
> #define _stderr_r(x) ((x)->_stderr)
>
> /*
> * Functions defined in ANSI C standard.
> */
>
> #ifdef __GNUC__
> #define __VALIST __gnuc_va_list
> #else
> #define __VALIST char*
> #endif
>
> #ifndef _REENT_ONLY
> int _EXFUN(remove, (const char *));
> int _EXFUN(rename, (const char *, const char *));
> #endif
> char * _EXFUN(tempnam, (const char *, const char *));
> FILE * _EXFUN(tmpfile, (void));
> char * _EXFUN(tmpnam, (char *));
> int _EXFUN(fclose, (FILE *));
> int _EXFUN(fflush, (FILE *));
> FILE * _EXFUN(freopen, (const char *, const char *, FILE *));
> void _EXFUN(setbuf, (FILE *, char *));
> int _EXFUN(setvbuf, (FILE *, char *, int, size_t));
> int _EXFUN(fprintf, (FILE *, const char *, ...));
> int _EXFUN(fscanf, (FILE *, const char *, ...));
> int _EXFUN(printf, (const char *, ...));
> int _EXFUN(scanf, (const char *, ...));
> int _EXFUN(sscanf, (const char *, const char *, ...));
> int _EXFUN(vfprintf, (FILE *, const char *, __VALIST));
> int _EXFUN(vprintf, (const char *, __VALIST));
> int _EXFUN(vsprintf, (char *, const char *, __VALIST));
> int _EXFUN(vsnprintf, (char *, size_t, const char *, __VALIST));
> int _EXFUN(fgetc, (FILE *));
> char * _EXFUN(fgets, (char *, int, FILE *));
> int _EXFUN(fputc, (int, FILE *));
> int _EXFUN(fputs, (const char *, FILE *));
> int _EXFUN(getc, (FILE *));
> int _EXFUN(getchar, (void));
> char * _EXFUN(gets, (char *));
> int _EXFUN(putc, (int, FILE *));
> int _EXFUN(putchar, (int));
> int _EXFUN(puts, (const char *));
> int _EXFUN(ungetc, (int, FILE *));
> size_t _EXFUN(fread, (_PTR, size_t _size, size_t _n, FILE *));
> size_t _EXFUN(fwrite, (const _PTR , size_t _size, size_t _n, FILE *));
> int _EXFUN(fgetpos, (FILE *, fpos_t *));
> int _EXFUN(fseek, (FILE *, long, int));
> int _EXFUN(fsetpos, (FILE *, const fpos_t *));
> long _EXFUN(ftell, ( FILE *));
> void _EXFUN(rewind, (FILE *));
> void _EXFUN(clearerr, (FILE *));
> int _EXFUN(feof, (FILE *));
> int _EXFUN(ferror, (FILE *));
> void _EXFUN(perror, (const char *));
> #ifndef _REENT_ONLY
> FILE * _EXFUN(fopen, (const char *_name, const char *_type));
> int _EXFUN(sprintf, (char *, const char *, ...));
> int _EXFUN(snprintf, (char *, size_t, const char *, ...));
> #endif
> #ifndef __STRICT_ANSI__
> int _EXFUN(vfiprintf, (FILE *, const char *, __VALIST));
> int _EXFUN(iprintf, (const char *, ...));
> int _EXFUN(fiprintf, (FILE *, const char *, ...));
> int _EXFUN(siprintf, (char *, const char *, ...));
> #endif
>
> /*
> * Routines in POSIX 1003.1.
> */
>
> #ifndef __STRICT_ANSI__
> #ifndef _REENT_ONLY
> FILE * _EXFUN(fdopen, (int, const char *));
> #endif
> int _EXFUN(fileno, (FILE *));
> int _EXFUN(getw, (FILE *));
> int _EXFUN(pclose, (FILE *));
> FILE * _EXFUN(popen, (const char *, const char *));
> int _EXFUN(putw, (int, FILE *));
> void _EXFUN(setbuffer, (FILE *, char *, int));
> int _EXFUN(setlinebuf, (FILE *));
> #endif
>
> /*
> * Recursive versions of the above.
> */
>
> FILE * _EXFUN(_fdopen_r, (struct _reent *, int, const char *));
> FILE * _EXFUN(_fopen_r, (struct _reent *, const char *, const char *));
> int _EXFUN(_getchar_r, (struct _reent *));
> char * _EXFUN(_gets_r, (struct _reent *, char *));
> int _EXFUN(_iprintf_r, (struct _reent *, const char *, ...));
> int _EXFUN(_mkstemp_r, (struct _reent *, char *));
> char * _EXFUN(_mktemp_r, (struct _reent *, char *));
> void _EXFUN(_perror_r, (struct _reent *, const char *));
> int _EXFUN(_printf_r, (struct _reent *, const char *, ...));
> int _EXFUN(_putchar_r, (struct _reent *, int));
> int _EXFUN(_puts_r, (struct _reent *, const char *));
> int _EXFUN(_remove_r, (struct _reent *, const char *));
> int _EXFUN(_rename_r, (struct _reent *,
> const char *_old, const char *_new));
> int _EXFUN(_scanf_r, (struct _reent *, const char *, ...));
> int _EXFUN(_sprintf_r, (struct _reent *, char *, const char *, ...));
> int _EXFUN(_snprintf_r, (struct _reent *, char *, size_t, const char *, ...));
> char * _EXFUN(_tempnam_r, (struct _reent *, const char *, const char *));
> FILE * _EXFUN(_tmpfile_r, (struct _reent *));
> char * _EXFUN(_tmpnam_r, (struct _reent *, char *));
> int _EXFUN(_vfprintf_r, (struct _reent *, FILE *, const char *, __VALIST));
> int _EXFUN(_vprintf_r, (struct _reent *, const char *, __VALIST));
> int _EXFUN(_vsprintf_r, (struct _reent *, char *, const char *, __VALIST));
> int _EXFUN(_vsnprintf_r, (struct _reent *, char *, size_t, const char *, __VALIST));
>
> /*
> * Routines internal to the implementation.
> */
>
> int _EXFUN(__srget, (FILE *));
> int _EXFUN(__swbuf, (int, FILE *));
>
> /*
> * Stdio function-access interface.
> */
>
> #ifndef __STRICT_ANSI__
> FILE *_EXFUN(funopen,(const _PTR _cookie,
> int (*readfn)(_PTR _cookie, char *_buf, int _n),
> int (*writefn)(_PTR _cookie, const char *_buf, int _n),
> fpos_t (*seekfn)(_PTR _cookie, fpos_t _off, int _whence),
> int (*closefn)(_PTR _cookie)));
>
> #define fropen(cookie, fn) funopen(cookie, fn, (int (*)())0, (fpos_t (*)())0, (int (*)())0)
> #define fwopen(cookie, fn) funopen(cookie, (int (*)())0, fn, (fpos_t (*)())0, (int (*)())0)
> #endif
>
> /*
> * The __sfoo macros are here so that we can
> * define function versions in the C library.
> */
> #define __sgetc_raw(p) (--(p)->_r < 0 ? __srget(p) : (int)(*(p)->_p++))
>
> #ifdef __SCLE
> static __inline__ int __sgetc(FILE *__p)
> {
> int __c = __sgetc_raw(__p);
> if ((__p->_flags & __SCLE) && (__c == '\r'))
> {
> int __c2 = __sgetc_raw(__p);
> if (__c2 == '\n')
> __c = __c2;
> else
> ungetc(__c2, __p);
> }
> return __c;
> }
> #else
> #define __sgetc(p) __sgetc_raw(p)
> #endif
>
> #ifdef _never /* __GNUC__ */
> /* If this inline is actually used, then systems using coff debugging
> info get hopelessly confused. 21sept93 rich@cygnus.com. */
> static __inline int __sputc(int _c, FILE *_p) {
> if (--_p->_w >= 0 || (_p->_w >= _p->_lbfsize && (char)_c != '\n'))
> return (*_p->_p++ = _c);
> else
> return (__swbuf(_c, _p));
> }
> #else
> /*
> * This has been tuned to generate reasonable code on the vax using pcc
> */
> #define __sputc_raw(c, p) \
> (--(p)->_w < 0 ? \
> (p)->_w >= (p)->_lbfsize ? \
> (*(p)->_p = (c)), *(p)->_p != '\n' ? \
> (int)*(p)->_p++ : \
> __swbuf('\n', p) : \
> __swbuf((int)(c), p) : \
> (*(p)->_p = (c), (int)*(p)->_p++))
> #ifdef __SCLE
> #define __sputc(c, p) \
> ((((p)->_flags & __SCLE) && ((c) == '\n')) \
> ? __sputc_raw('\r', (p)) : 0 , \
> __sputc_raw((c), (p)))
> #else
> #define __sputc(c, p) __sputc_raw(c, p)
> #endif
> #endif
>
> #define __sfeof(p) (((p)->_flags & __SEOF) != 0)
> #define __sferror(p) (((p)->_flags & __SERR) != 0)
> #define __sclearerr(p) ((void)((p)->_flags &= ~(__SERR|__SEOF)))
> #define __sfileno(p) ((p)->_file)
>
> #define feof(p) __sfeof(p)
> #define ferror(p) __sferror(p)
> #define clearerr(p) __sclearerr(p)
>
> #if 0 /*ndef __STRICT_ANSI__ - FIXME: must initialize stdio first, use fn */
> #define fileno(p) __sfileno(p)
> #endif
>
> #ifndef __CYGWIN__
> #ifndef lint
> #define getc(fp) __sgetc(fp)
> #define putc(x, fp) __sputc(x, fp)
> #endif /* lint */
> #endif /* __CYGWIN__ */
>
> #define getchar() getc(stdin)
> #define putchar(x) putc(x, stdout)
>
> #ifndef __STRICT_ANSI__
> /* fast always-buffered version, true iff error */
> #define fast_putc(x,p) (--(p)->_w < 0 ? \
> __swbuf((int)(x), p) == EOF : (*(p)->_p = (x), (p)->_p++, 0))
>
> #define L_cuserid 9 /* posix says it goes in stdio.h :( */
> #ifdef __CYGWIN__
> #define L_ctermid 16
> #endif
> #endif
>
> #ifdef __cplusplus
> }
> #endif
> #endif /* _STDIO_H_ */
>
>
>
> --
> *******************************************
> * Russell Shaw, B.Eng, M.Eng(Research) *
> * email: russell@webaxs.net *
> * Victoria, Australia *
> *******************************************
>
> ------
> Want more information? See the CrossGCC FAQ, http://www.objsw.com/CrossGCC/
> Want to unsubscribe? Send a note to crossgcc-unsubscribe@sourceware.cygnus.com
>
Noah Aklilu
aklilu@nyquist.ee.ualberta.ca
http://www.ee.ualberta.ca/~aklilu/
"Integrity is something you do when no one is looking"
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