[PATCH 2/8] x86: Do not use __builtin_fpclassify for _Float64x/long double

Adhemerval Zanella adhemerval.zanella@linaro.org
Wed Dec 17 17:51:48 GMT 2025


Neither gcc [1] nor clang [2] handles pseudo-normal numbers correctly
with the __builtin_fpclassify, so disable its usage for _Float64x and
long double types.

This only affects x86, so add a new header, fp-builtin-denormal.h, that
defines whether the architecture requires disabling the optimization
through a new glibc define (__FP_BUILTIN_FPCLASSIFY_DENORMAL).

It fixes the regression on test-ldouble-fpclassify and
test-float64x-fpclassify when built with clang:

Failure: fpclassify (pseudo_zero): Exception "Invalid operation" set
Failure: fpclassify (pseudo_inf): Exception "Invalid operation" set
Failure: fpclassify (pseudo_qnan): Exception "Invalid operation" set
Failure: fpclassify (pseudo_snan): Exception "Invalid operation" set
Failure: fpclassify (pseudo_unnormal): Exception "Invalid operation" set
Failure: fpclassify_downward (pseudo_zero): Exception "Invalid operation" set
Failure: fpclassify_downward (pseudo_inf): Exception "Invalid operation" set
Failure: fpclassify_downward (pseudo_qnan): Exception "Invalid operation" set
Failure: fpclassify_downward (pseudo_snan): Exception "Invalid operation" set
Failure: fpclassify_downward (pseudo_unnormal): Exception "Invalid operation" set
Failure: fpclassify_towardzero (pseudo_zero): Exception "Invalid operation" set
Failure: fpclassify_towardzero (pseudo_inf): Exception "Invalid operation" set
Failure: fpclassify_towardzero (pseudo_qnan): Exception "Invalid operation" set
Failure: fpclassify_towardzero (pseudo_snan): Exception "Invalid operation" set
Failure: fpclassify_towardzero (pseudo_unnormal): Exception "Invalid operation" set
Failure: fpclassify_upward (pseudo_zero): Exception "Invalid operation" set
Failure: fpclassify_upward (pseudo_inf): Exception "Invalid operation" set
Failure: fpclassify_upward (pseudo_qnan): Exception "Invalid operation" set
Failure: fpclassify_upward (pseudo_snan): Exception "Invalid operation" set
Failure: fpclassify_upward (pseudo_unnormal): Exception "Invalid operation" set

Checked on x86_64-linux-gnu with gcc-15 and clang-18.

[1] https://gcc.gnu.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=123161
[2] https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/issues/172533
---
 bits/fp-builtin-denormal.h             | 28 ++++++++
 math/Makefile                          |  1 +
 math/math.h                            | 89 +++++++++++++++++++++++++-
 sysdeps/x86/bits/fp-builtin-denormal.h | 25 ++++++++
 4 files changed, 141 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 bits/fp-builtin-denormal.h
 create mode 100644 sysdeps/x86/bits/fp-builtin-denormal.h

diff --git a/bits/fp-builtin-denormal.h b/bits/fp-builtin-denormal.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..77b7184975
--- /dev/null
+++ b/bits/fp-builtin-denormal.h
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+/* Denormal number definitions.
+   Copyright (C) 2025 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+   This file is part of the GNU C Library.
+
+   The GNU C Library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
+   modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
+   License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
+   version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
+
+   The GNU C Library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
+   Lesser General Public License for more details.
+
+   You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
+   License along with the GNU C Library; if not, see
+   <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.  */
+
+#ifndef _MATH_H
+# error "Never use <bits/fp-builtin-denormal.h> directly; include <math.h> instead."
+#endif
+
+/*  __FP_BUILTIN_FPCLASSIFY_DENORMAL is defined to 1 if compiler supports
+    handling pseudo-denormal numbers with fpclassify builtin.  Pseudo-denormal
+    is a non-standard denormalized floating-point number only supported by
+    Intel double extended-precision (long double).  By default assume 1 to
+    enable the usage of compiler builtin on math.h.  */
+#define __FP_BUILTIN_FPCLASSIFY_DENORMAL 1
diff --git a/math/Makefile b/math/Makefile
index f7a1d9016c..8fe2540ce0 100644
--- a/math/Makefile
+++ b/math/Makefile
@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@ headers := \
   bits/floatn-common.h \
   bits/floatn.h \
   bits/flt-eval-method.h \
+  bits/fp-builtin-denormal.h \
   bits/fp-fast.h \
   bits/fp-logb.h \
   bits/iscanonical.h \
diff --git a/math/math.h b/math/math.h
index 74b064d96e..cbec2f406a 100644
--- a/math/math.h
+++ b/math/math.h
@@ -1064,6 +1064,86 @@ extern int signgam;
    : FUNC ## l ARGS)
 #endif
 
+
+/* Depending on the type of TG_ARG and extra DEFINE to check, either call the
+   BUILTIN with ARGS_B or an appropriately suffixed version of FUNC with
+   arguments (including parentheses) ARGS_B.  The function call is used for
+   long double and/or  _Float64x is the builtin can not be safely used on all
+   arguments (defined by DEFINE).  */
+
+#include <bits/fp-builtin-denormal.h>
+
+#ifdef __NO_LONG_DOUBLE_MATH
+# define __MATH_TG_BUILTIN_CLASSIFY(TG_ARG, BUILTIN, ARGS_B, FUNC, ARGS_F,    \
+				    DEFINE)    \
+  BUILTIN ARGS_B
+#elif __HAVE_DISTINCT_FLOAT128
+# if __HAVE_GENERIC_SELECTION
+#  if __HAVE_FLOATN_NOT_TYPEDEF && __HAVE_FLOAT32
+#   define __MATH_TG_BUILTIN_CLASSIFY_F32(BUILTIN, ARGS_B, FUNC, ARGS_F,      \
+					  DEFINE)			      \
+  _Float32: BUILTIN ARGS_B,
+#  else
+#   define __MATH_TG_BUILTIN_CLASSIFY_F32(BUILTIN, ARGS_B, FUNC, ARGS_F,      \
+					  DEFINE)
+#  endif
+#  define __MATH_TG_BUILTIN_CLASSIFY_LDOUBLE(BUILTIN, ARGS_B, FUNC, ARGS_F,   \
+					     DEFINE)			      \
+  long double: DEFINE ? BUILTIN ARGS_B : __ ## FUNC ## l ARGS_F,
+#  if __HAVE_FLOATN_NOT_TYPEDEF && __HAVE_FLOAT64X
+#   if __HAVE_FLOAT64X_LONG_DOUBLE
+#    define __MATH_TG_BUILTIN_CLASSIFY_F64X(BUILTIN, ARGS_B, FUNC, ARGS_F,    \
+					    DEFINE)			      \
+  _Float64x: DEFINE ? BUILTIN ARGS_B : __ ## FUNC ## l ARGS_F,
+#   else
+#    define __MATH_TG_BUILTIN_CLASSIFY_F64X(BUILTIN, ARGS_B, FUNC, ARGS_F,    \
+					    DEFINE)			      \
+  _Float64x: DEFINE ? BUILTIN ARGS_B : __ ## FUNC ## f128 ARGS_F,
+#   endif
+#  else
+#   define __MATH_TG_BUILTIN_CLASSIFY_F64X(BUILTIN, ARGS_B, FUNC, ARGS_F,     \
+					   DEFINE)
+#  endif
+#  define __MATH_TG_BUILTIN_CLASSIFY_F128(BUILTIN, ARGS_B, FUNC, ARGS_F,      \
+					  DEFINE)			      \
+  _Float128: BUILTIN ARGS_B
+#  define __MATH_TG_BUILTIN_CLASSIFY(TG_ARG, BUILTIN, ARGS_B, FUNC, ARGS_F,   \
+				     DEFINE)				      \
+     _Generic ((TG_ARG),						      \
+	       float: BUILTIN ARGS_B,					      \
+	       __MATH_TG_BUILTIN_CLASSIFY_F32 (BUILTIN, ARGS_B, FUNC, ARGS_F, \
+					       DEFINE)			      \
+	       default: BUILTIN ARGS_B,					      \
+	       __MATH_TG_BUILTIN_CLASSIFY_LDOUBLE (BUILTIN, ARGS_B, FUNC,     \
+						   ARGS_F, DEFINE)	      \
+	       __MATH_TG_BUILTIN_CLASSIFY_F64X (BUILTIN, ARGS_B, FUNC, ARGS_F,\
+						DEFINE)			      \
+	       __MATH_TG_BUILTIN_CLASSIFY_F128 (BUILTIN, ARGS_B, FUNC, ARGS_F,\
+						DEFINE))
+# else
+#  define __MATH_TG_BUILTIN_CLASSIFY(TG_ARG, BUILTIN, ARGS_B, FUNC, ARGS_F,   \
+				     DEFINE)				      \
+     __builtin_choose_expr						      \
+     (__builtin_types_compatible_p (__typeof (TG_ARG), float),		      \
+      __builtin ## BUILTIN ARGS_B,					      \
+      __builtin_choose_expr						      \
+      (__builtin_types_compatible_p (__typeof (TG_ARG), double),	      \
+       __builtin ## BUILTIN ARGS_B,					      \
+       __builtin_choose_expr						      \
+       (__builtin_types_compatible_p (__typeof (TG_ARG), long double),	      \
+	DEFINE ? BUILTIN ARGS_B : __ ## FUNC ## l ARGS_F,		      \
+	BUILTIN ARGS_B)))
+# endif
+#else
+# define __MATH_TG_BUILTIN_CLASSIFY(TG_ARG, BUILTIN, ARGS_B, FUNC, ARGS_F,    \
+				    DEFINE)				      \
+  (sizeof (TG_ARG) == sizeof (float)				              \
+   ? BUILTIN ARGS_B					      		      \
+   : sizeof (TG_ARG) == sizeof (double)					      \
+   ? BUILTIN ARGS_B					      		      \
+   : DEFINE ? BUILTIN ARGS_B : __ ## FUNC ## l ARGS_F)
+#endif
+
 /* ISO C99 defines some generic macros which work on any data type.  */
 #ifdef __USE_ISOC99
 
@@ -1101,8 +1181,13 @@ enum
 	with -Os.  No further use of this definition of fpclassify is
 	expected in C++ mode, since libstdc++ provides its own version
 	of fpclassify in cmath (which undefines fpclassify).  */
-#  define fpclassify(x) __builtin_fpclassify (FP_NAN, FP_INFINITE,	      \
-     FP_NORMAL, FP_SUBNORMAL, FP_ZERO, x)
+#  define fpclassify(x)							      \
+  __MATH_TG_BUILTIN_CLASSIFY ((x),					      \
+			      __builtin_fpclassify, (FP_NAN, FP_INFINITE,     \
+						     FP_NORMAL, FP_SUBNORMAL, \
+						     FP_ZERO, x),	      \
+			      fpclassify, (x),				      \
+			      __FP_BUILTIN_FPCLASSIFY_DENORMAL)
 # else
 #  define fpclassify(x) __MATH_TG ((x), __fpclassify, (x))
 # endif
diff --git a/sysdeps/x86/bits/fp-builtin-denormal.h b/sysdeps/x86/bits/fp-builtin-denormal.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..bfb8f54237
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sysdeps/x86/bits/fp-builtin-denormal.h
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+/* Define __FP_BUILTIN_DENORMAL.
+   Copyright (C) 2025 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+   This file is part of the GNU C Library.
+
+   The GNU C Library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
+   modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
+   License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
+   version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
+
+   The GNU C Library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
+   Lesser General Public License for more details.
+
+   You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
+   License along with the GNU C Library; if not, see
+   <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.  */
+
+#ifndef _MATH_H
+# error "Never use <bits/fp-builtin-denormal.h> directly; include <math.h> instead."
+#endif
+
+/* Neither GCC (bug 123161) nor clang (issue 172533) handles pseudo-normal
+   numbers correctly with fpclassify builtin.  */
+#define __FP_BUILTIN_FPCLASSIFY_DENORMAL 0
-- 
2.43.0



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