Re: why gdb try to read address 0x0 when I set $pc，how to suppress this behavior?

Thu Jul 27 15:51:02 GMT 2023

Hi Tom,

Thank you for your reply, I'm trying to debug it.

I use qemu-riscv64 to run a program, then use riscv-gdb to debug it, riscv-gdb show that it send package "$m0,2#fb" to qemu, the full log is:
(riscv-gdb) target remote localhost:1235
Remote debugging using localhost:1235
warning: No executable has been specified and target does not support
determining executable automatically.  Try using the "file" command.
0x0000000000010528 in ?? ()
(riscv-gdb) set debug remote 1
(riscv-gdb) set $pc=0x10528
[remote] Sending packet: $m0,2#fb
[remote] Received Ack
[remote] Packet received: E14
[remote] Sending packet: $g#67
[remote] Received Ack
[remote] Packet received: 00000000000000000000000000000000900280004000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 [16 bytes omitted]
[remote] Sending packet: $m10528,4#cd
[remote] Received Ack
[remote] Packet received: ef00e002
[remote] Sending packet: $m10524,4#c9
[remote] Received Ack
[remote] Packet received: f5b70000
[remote] Sending packet: $m0,2#fb
[remote] Received Ack
[remote] Packet received: E14

Then I use gdb(x86-gdb) to debug this riscv-gdb, the package "$m0,2#fb" comes from some code about riscv frame, full log is:

Thread 1 "riscv64-unknown" hit Breakpoint 2, remote_target::putpkt_binary (this=0xf399d0, buf=<optimized out>, cnt=<optimized out>)
    at /toolchain/riscv-gnu-toolchain/build_gcc12/../gdb/gdb/remote.c:9602
9602        /toolchain/riscv-gnu-toolchain/build_gcc12/../gdb/gdb/remote.c: No such file or directory.
(gdb) bt
#0  remote_target::putpkt_binary (this=0xf399d0, buf=<optimized out>, cnt=<optimized out>) at /toolchain/riscv-gnu-toolchain/build_gcc12/../gdb/gdb/remote.c:9602
#1  0x00000000006b7d38 in remote_target::putpkt (buf=0xfaeac0 "m0,2", this=0xf399d0) at /toolchain/riscv-gnu-toolchain/build_gcc12/../gdb/gdb/remote.c:9516
#2  remote_target::putpkt (buf=..., this=0xf399d0) at /toolchain/riscv-gnu-toolchain/build_gcc12/../gdb/gdb/remote.c:907
#3  remote_target::remote_read_bytes_1 (this=this@entry=0xf399d0, memaddr=<optimized out>, memaddr@entry=0, myaddr=myaddr@entry=0x7fffffffd968 "\204\036f", len_units=len_units@entry=2,
    unit_size=unit_size@entry=1, xfered_len_units=xfered_len_units@entry=0x7fffffffd8f8) at /toolchain/riscv-gnu-toolchain/build_gcc12/../gdb/gdb/remote.c:9190
#4  0x00000000006b7f91 in remote_target::remote_read_bytes (this=0xf399d0, memaddr=0, myaddr=0x7fffffffd968 "\204\036f", len=2, unit_size=1, xfered_len=0x7fffffffd8f8)
    at /toolchain/riscv-gnu-toolchain/build_gcc12/../gdb/gdb/remote.c:9315
#5  0x000000000072cbcf in raw_memory_xfer_partial (ops=ops@entry=0xf399d0, readbuf=readbuf@entry=0x7fffffffd968 "\204\036f", writebuf=writebuf@entry=0x0, memaddr=memaddr@entry=0, len=2,
    xfered_len=xfered_len@entry=0x7fffffffd8f8) at /toolchain/riscv-gnu-toolchain/build_gcc12/../gdb/gdb/target.c:1514
#6  0x000000000072cd1f in memory_xfer_partial_1 (ops=ops@entry=0xf399d0, object=object@entry=TARGET_OBJECT_MEMORY, readbuf=readbuf@entry=0x7fffffffd968 "\204\036f", writebuf=writebuf@entry=0x0,
    memaddr=memaddr@entry=0, len=len@entry=2, xfered_len=0x7fffffffd8f8) at /toolchain/riscv-gnu-toolchain/build_gcc12/../gdb/gdb/target.c:1645
#7  0x000000000072cf9a in memory_xfer_partial (xfered_len=0x7fffffffd8f8, len=2, memaddr=0, writebuf=0x0, readbuf=0x7fffffffd968 "\204\036f", object=TARGET_OBJECT_MEMORY, ops=0xf399d0)
    at /toolchain/riscv-gnu-toolchain/build_gcc12/../gdb/gdb/target.c:1674
#8  target_xfer_partial (ops=0xf399d0, object=TARGET_OBJECT_MEMORY, annex=0x0, readbuf=0x7fffffffd968 "\204\036f", writebuf=0x0, offset=0, len=<optimized out>, xfered_len=0x7fffffffd8f8)
    at /toolchain/riscv-gnu-toolchain/build_gcc12/../gdb/gdb/target.c:1731
#9  0x000000000072d3a9 in target_read_partial (xfered_len=0x7fffffffd8f8, len=2, offset=0, buf=0x7fffffffd968 "\204\036f", annex=0x0, object=TARGET_OBJECT_MEMORY, ops=0xf399d0)
    at /toolchain/riscv-gnu-toolchain/build_gcc12/../gdb/gdb/target.c:2024
#10 target_read (ops=0xf399d0, object=object@entry=TARGET_OBJECT_MEMORY, annex=annex@entry=0x0, buf=buf@entry=0x7fffffffd968 "\204\036f", offset=offset@entry=0, len=len@entry=2)
    at /toolchain/riscv-gnu-toolchain/build_gcc12/../gdb/gdb/target.c:2024
#11 0x000000000072d416 in target_read_memory (memaddr=memaddr@entry=0, myaddr=myaddr@entry=0x7fffffffd968 "\204\036f", len=len@entry=2)
    at /toolchain/riscv-gnu-toolchain/build_gcc12/../gdb/gdb/target.h:1394
#12 0x00000000006c0de8 in riscv_insn::fetch_instruction (gdbarch=gdbarch@entry=0xf83870, addr=0, len=len@entry=0x7fffffffd9e0)
    at /toolchain/riscv-gnu-toolchain/build_gcc12/../gdb/gdb/riscv-tdep.c:1664
#13 0x00000000006c0ee8 in riscv_insn::decode (this=0x7fffffffd9e0, gdbarch=0xf83870, pc=<optimized out>) at /toolchain/riscv-gnu-toolchain/build_gcc12/../gdb/gdb/riscv-tdep.c:1693
#14 0x00000000006c187c in riscv_scan_prologue (gdbarch=0xf83870, start_pc=<optimized out>, end_pc=100, cache=0xe9bd20) at /toolchain/riscv-gnu-toolchain/build_gcc12/../gdb/gdb/riscv-tdep.c:1873
#15 0x00000000006c1fdc in riscv_frame_cache (this_frame=0xe9bc60, this_cache=<optimized out>) at /toolchain/riscv-gnu-toolchain/build_gcc12/../gdb/gdb/riscv-tdep.c:3340
#16 0x00000000006c2139 in riscv_frame_this_id (this_frame=<optimized out>, prologue_cache=<optimized out>, this_id=0xe9bcc0)
    at /toolchain/riscv-gnu-toolchain/build_gcc12/../gdb/gdb/riscv-tdep.c:3392
#17 0x00000000005bf142 in compute_frame_id (fi=0xe9bc60) at /toolchain/riscv-gnu-toolchain/build_gcc12/../gdb/gdb/frame.c:583
#18 0x00000000005bf3cf in get_frame_id (fi=0xe9bc60) at /toolchain/riscv-gnu-toolchain/build_gcc12/../gdb/gdb/frame.c:626
#19 0x000000000078919a in value_assign (toval=0xf80340, fromval=0xf18890) at /toolchain/riscv-gnu-toolchain/build_gcc12/../gdb/gdb/valops.c:1103
#20 0x000000000059e5fd in expression::evaluate (this=0xf8cf40, expect_type=0x0, noside=EVAL_NORMAL) at /toolchain/riscv-gnu-toolchain/build_gcc12/../gdb/gdb/eval.c:101
#21 0x0000000000678e98 in set_command (exp=<optimized out>, from_tty=<optimized out>) at /toolchain/riscv-gnu-toolchain/build_gcc12/../gdb/gdb/printcmd.c:1520
#22 0x00000000004eeba8 in cmd_func (cmd=<optimized out>, args=<optimized out>, from_tty=<optimized out>) at /toolchain/riscv-gnu-toolchain/build_gcc12/../gdb/gdb/cli/cli-decode.c:2514
#23 0x00000000007486ae in execute_command (p=<optimized out>, p@entry=0xe4c6f0 "set $pc=0x10528", from_tty=1) at /toolchain/riscv-gnu-toolchain/build_gcc12/../gdb/gdb/top.c:702
#24 0x00000000005a45bc in command_handler (command=0xe4c6f0 "set $pc=0x10528") at /toolchain/riscv-gnu-toolchain/build_gcc12/../gdb/gdb/event-top.c:597
#25 0x00000000005a48bb in command_line_handler (rl=...) at /toolchain/riscv-gnu-toolchain/build_gcc12/../gdb/gdb/event-top.c:800
#26 0x00000000005a4ead in gdb_rl_callback_handler (rl=0xf887d0 "set $pc=0x10528") at /toolchain/riscv-gnu-toolchain/build_gcc12/../gdb/gdb/event-top.c:229
#27 0x000000000080f7a0 in rl_callback_read_char () at /toolchain/riscv-gnu-toolchain/build_gcc12/../gdb/readline/readline/callback.c:281
#28 0x00000000005a39fe in gdb_rl_callback_read_char_wrapper_noexcept () at /toolchain/riscv-gnu-toolchain/build_gcc12/../gdb/gdb/event-top.c:187
#29 0x00000000005a4d9e in gdb_rl_callback_read_char_wrapper (client_data=<optimized out>) at /toolchain/riscv-gnu-toolchain/build_gcc12/../gdb/gdb/event-top.c:203
#30 0x00000000005a3810 in stdin_event_handler (error=<optimized out>, client_data=0xe47f80) at /toolchain/riscv-gnu-toolchain/build_gcc12/../gdb/gdb/event-top.c:524
#31 0x00000000008b5665 in gdb_wait_for_event (block=block@entry=1) at /toolchain/riscv-gnu-toolchain/build_gcc12/../gdb/gdbsupport/event-loop.cc:700
#32 0x00000000008b573d in gdb_wait_for_event (block=1) at /toolchain/riscv-gnu-toolchain/build_gcc12/../gdb/gdbsupport/event-loop.cc:596
#33 gdb_do_one_event () at /toolchain/riscv-gnu-toolchain/build_gcc12/../gdb/gdbsupport/event-loop.cc:237
#34 0x000000000062c765 in start_event_loop () at /toolchain/riscv-gnu-toolchain/build_gcc12/../gdb/gdb/main.c:421
#35 captured_command_loop () at /toolchain/riscv-gnu-toolchain/build_gcc12/../gdb/gdb/main.c:481
#36 0x000000000062dcd5 in captured_main (data=data@entry=0x7fffffffe180) at /toolchain/riscv-gnu-toolchain/build_gcc12/../gdb/gdb/main.c:1351
#37 gdb_main (args=args@entry=0x7fffffffe1a0) at /toolchain/riscv-gnu-toolchain/build_gcc12/../gdb/gdb/main.c:1366
#38 0x000000000042f625 in main (argc=<optimized out>, argv=<optimized out>) at /toolchain/riscv-gnu-toolchain/build_gcc12/../gdb/gdb/gdb.c:32

I'm not familiar with gdb, so it will take some time to figure out exactly what's going on.

> From:"Tom Tromey"<tom@tromey.com>
> Date:Thu, Jul 27, 2023, 00:09
> Subject:Re: why gdb try to read address 0x0 when I set $pc，how to suppress this behavior?
> To:"庄秋彬"<mark.zhuang@spacemit.com>
> Cc:"gdb@sourceware.org"<gdb@sourceware.org>
> >>>>> 庄秋彬  <mark.zhuang@spacemit.com> writes:
> 
> Sorry about the delay on this.
> 
> > I use gdb with openocd to debug a riscv board, and found that when set
> > $pc=xxx(a non-zero value) in gdb, gdb would first read the address
> > 0x0, which caused an error on this riscv device.  Is there any
> > documentation or suggestions for reading the source code to solve this
> > problem? 
> 
> 
> I don't think so.  Reading 0x0 when trying to set $pc is unexpected to
> me at least.  I'd normally approach this by debugging gdb to try to
> understand why it is happening.
> 
> Tom

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