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Full support for the Dwarf DW_OP_piece operator in location expressions would require major work on 'struct value' and its users. But in many cases, compilers use DW_OP_piece in a restricted way, such that all the multi-piece locations actually generated could be expressed using the 'struct symbol' and 'struct value' we have today.
For example, on the PowerPC E500, the 32-bit upper and lower halves of the 64-bit gprs have separate register numbers in Dwarf information, but GDB has (pseudo-)registers that refer to the entire 64 bits. So a Dwarf 3 location expression that places one piece in an upper-half register and another piece in the corresponding lower-half register could be represented by a 'struct value' V where VALUE_LVAL (V) == lval_register and VALUE_REGNO (V) is the pseudo-register number.
Recognizing these cases requires calling out to architecture-specific code. When an patch implementing this was first posted, there was general agreement that dwarf2expr.[ch] ought not call architecture methods directly, as it did in the patch, but should instead return the list of pieces; and that dwarf2expr.[ch]'s callers (specifically, the code in dwarf2loc.c) should take care of whatever wrangling was needed to turn that list of pieces into the right 'struct value', architecture-specific or otherwise. That thread starts here:
http://sources.redhat.com/ml/gdb-patches/2003-05/msg00425.html
Here's a sketch of how we might extend the Dwarf expression evaluation interface to return piece lists, meant to implement the suggestions in that thread. If this looks reasonable, then I'll do some more work and post it for further review.
- a single value can have multiple locations (important for store) - could dwarf2_expr_piece be called ``struct location''? :-)
*** dwarf2expr.h.~1.5.~ 2003-06-08 13:27:13.000000000 -0500
--- dwarf2expr.h 2004-08-03 02:07:08.000000000 -0500
*************** struct dwarf_expr_context
*** 74,79 ****
--- 74,122 ----
/* Non-zero if the result is in a register. The register number
will be on the expression stack. */
int in_reg;
+ + /* An array of pieces. PIECES points to its first element;
+ NUM_PIECES is its length.
+ + Each time DW_OP_piece is executed, we add a new element to the
+ end of this array, recording the current top of the stack, the
+ current in_reg flag, and the size given as the operand to
+ DW_OP_piece. We then pop the top value from the stack, clear the
+ in_reg flag, and resume evaluation.
+ + The Dwarf spec doesn't say whether DW_OP_piece pops the top value
+ from the stack. We do, ensuring that clients of this interface
+ expecting to see a value left on the top of the stack (say, code
+ evaluating frame base expressions or CFA's specified with
+ DW_CFA_def_cfa_expression) will get an error if the expression
+ actually marks all the values it computes as pieces.
+ + If an expression never uses DW_OP_piece, num_pieces will be zero.
+ (It would be nice to present these cases as expressions yeilding
+ a single piece, with in_reg clear, so that callers need not
+ distinguish between the no-DW_OP_piece and one-DW_OP_piece cases.
+ But expressions with no DW_OP_piece operations have no value to
+ place in a piece's 'size' field; the size comes from the
+ surrounding data. So the two cases need to be handled
+ separately.) */
+ int num_pieces;
+ struct dwarf_expr_piece *pieces;
+ };
+ + + /* A piece of an object, as recorded by DW_OP_piece. */
+ struct dwarf_expr_piece
+ {
+ /* If IN_REG is zero, then the piece is in memory, and VALUE is its address.
+ If IN_REG is non-zero, then the piece is in a register, and VALUE
+ is the register number. */
+ int in_reg;
+ + /* This piece's address or register number. */
+ CORE_ADDR value;
+ + /* The length of the piece, in bytes. */
+ ULONGEST size;
};
struct dwarf_expr_context *new_dwarf_expr_context (void);
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