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Re: [Arm] SP and SL initialization refactored


New patch (includes libgloss and libc crt0) is here
https://sourceware.org/ml/newlib/2019/msg00170.html

Alex

On Fri, Apr 12, 2019 at 3:38 PM Alexander Fedotov <alfedotov@gmail.com> wrote:
>
> Hi Richard
> New patch (rebased on
> https://sourceware.org/ml/newlib/2019/msg00164.html ) is below.
>
> OK to apply on master ?
>
>
> From b7ad80f440e593b363bd0240e8d2476da7b6160d Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
> From: Alexander Fedotov <alfedotov@gmail.com>
> Date: Wed, 23 Jan 2019 13:33:14 +0300
> Subject: [PATCH] [Arm] Stack Pointer and Stack Limit initialization
>  refactored.
>
> SP initialization changes:
>   1. set default value in semihosting case as well
>   2. moved existing SP & SL init code for processor modes in separate
> routine and made it as "hook"
>   3. init SP for processor modes in Thumb mode as well
>
> Add new macro FN_RETURN, FN_EH_START and FN_EH_END.
> ---
>  libgloss/arm/arm.h         |  26 ++++
>  libgloss/arm/crt0.S        | 277 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++-----------
>  newlib/libc/sys/arm/arm.h  |  26 ++++
>  newlib/libc/sys/arm/crt0.S | 277 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++-----------
>  4 files changed, 440 insertions(+), 166 deletions(-)
>
> diff --git a/libgloss/arm/arm.h b/libgloss/arm/arm.h
> index 0489f2d92..04b3a5ac7 100644
> --- a/libgloss/arm/arm.h
> +++ b/libgloss/arm/arm.h
> @@ -61,4 +61,30 @@
>  # define HAVE_CALL_INDIRECT
>  #endif
>
> +/* A and R profiles (and legacy Arm).
> +    Current Program Status Register (CPSR)
> +    M[4:0]        Mode bits. M[4] is always 1 for 32-bit modes.
> +    T[5]            1: Thumb, 0: ARM instruction set
> +    F[6]            1: disables FIQ
> +    I[7]            1: disables IRQ
> +    A[8]            1: disables imprecise aborts
> +    E[9]            0: Little-endian, 1: Big-endian
> +    J[24]            1: Jazelle instruction set
> + */
> +#define CPSR_M_USR            0x00    /* User mode */
> +#define CPSR_M_FIQ            0x01    /* Fast Interrupt mode */
> +#define CPSR_M_IRQ            0x02    /* Interrupt mode */
> +#define CPSR_M_SVR            0x03    /* Supervisor mode */
> +#define CPSR_M_MON            0x06    /* Monitor mode */
> +#define CPSR_M_ABT            0x07    /* Abort mode */
> +#define CPSR_M_HYP            0x0A    /* Hypervisor mode */
> +#define CPSR_M_UND            0x0B    /* Undefined mode */
> +#define CPSR_M_SYS            0x0F    /* System mode */
> +#define CPSR_M_32BIT        0x10    /* 32-bit mode */
> +#define CPSR_T_BIT            0x20    /* Thumb bit */
> +#define CPSR_F_MASK            0x40    /* FIQ bit */
> +#define CPSR_I_MASK            0x80    /* IRQ bit */
> +
> +#define CPSR_M_MASK            0x0F    /* Mode mask except M[4] */
> +
>  #endif /* _LIBGLOSS_ARM_H */
> diff --git a/libgloss/arm/crt0.S b/libgloss/arm/crt0.S
> index 1deb73aa5..95aa3b578 100644
> --- a/libgloss/arm/crt0.S
> +++ b/libgloss/arm/crt0.S
> @@ -59,6 +59,21 @@
>  .endm
>  #endif
>
> +/* Annotation for EABI unwinding tables. */
> +.macro FN_EH_START
> +#if defined(__ELF__) && !defined(__USING_SJLJ_EXCEPTIONS__)
> +    .fnstart
> +#endif
> +.endm
> +
> +.macro FN_EH_END
> +#if defined(__ELF__) && !defined(__USING_SJLJ_EXCEPTIONS__)
> +    /* Protect against unhandled exceptions.  */
> +    .cantunwind
> +    .fnend
> +#endif
> +.endm
> +
>  .macro indirect_call reg
>  #ifdef HAVE_CALL_INDIRECT
>      blx \reg
> @@ -68,16 +83,170 @@
>  #endif
>  .endm
>
> +/* For armv4t and newer, toolchains will transparently convert
> +   'bx lr' to 'mov pc, lr' if needed. GCC has deprecated support
> +   for anything older than armv4t, but this should handle that
> +   corner case in case anyone needs it anyway */
> +.macro  FN_RETURN
> +#if __ARM_ARCH <= 4 && __ARM_ARCH_ISA_THUMB == 0
> +    mov    pc, lr
> +#else
> +    bx    lr
> +#endif
> +.endm
> +
> +
> +
> +/******************************************************************************
> +* User mode only:           This routine makes default target specific Stack
> +*   +-----+ <- SL_sys,    Pointer initialization for different processor modes:
> +*   |     |    SL_usr     FIQ, Abort, IRQ, Undefined, Supervisor, System (User)
> +*   | SYS |               and setups a default Stack Limit in-case the code has
> +*   | USR | -=0x10000     been compiled with "-mapcs-stack-check" for FIQ and
> +*   |     |               System (User) modes.
> +*   |     |
> +*   +-----+ <- initial SP,
> +*           becomes SP_sys   Hard-wiring SL value is not ideal, since there is
> +*           and SL_usr     currently no support for checking that the heap and
> +*                          stack have not collided, or that this default 64k is
> +* All modes:               is enough for the program being executed. However,
> +*   +-----+ <- SL_sys,     it ensures that this simple crt0 world will not
> +*   |     |    SL_usr      immediately cause an overflow event.
> +*   | SYS |
> +*   | USR | -=0x10000        We go through all execution modes and set up SP
> +*   |     |                for each of them.
> +*   +-----+ <- SP_sys,
> +*   |     |    SP_usr      Note:
> +*   | SVC | -= 0x8000        Mode switch via CPSR is not allowed once in
> +*   |     |                  non-privileged mode, so we take care not to enter
> +*   +-----+ <- SP_svc        "User" to set up its sp, and also skip most
> +*   |     |                  operations if already in that mode.
> +*   | IRQ | -= 0x2000
> +*   |     |                Input parameters:
> +* ^ +-----+ <- SP_und       - sp - Initialized SP
> +* s |     |                 - r2 - May contain SL value from semihosting
> +* t | UND | -= 0x1000              SYS_HEAPINFO call
> +* a |     |                Scratch registers:
> +* c +-----+ <- SP_und       - r1 - new value of CPSR
> +* k |     |                 - r2 - intermediate value (in standalone mode)
> +*   | ABT | -= 0x1000       - r3 - new SP value
> +* g |     |                 - r4 - save/restore CPSR on entry/exit
> +* r +-----+ <- SP_abt,
> +* o |     |    SL_fiq        Declared as "weak" so that user can write and use
> +* w | FIQ | -= 0x1000      his own implementation if current doesn't fit.
> +* t |     |
> +* h +-----+ <- initial SP,
> +*           becomes SP_fiq
> +*
> +******************************************************************************/
> +    .align    0
> +    FUNC_START    _stack_init
> +    .weak FUNCTION (_stack_init)
> +    FN_EH_START
> +
> +    /* M profile doesn't have CPSR register.  */
> +#if (__ARM_ARCH_PROFILE != 'M')
> +    /* Following code is compatible for both ARM and Thumb ISA */
> +    mrs    r4, CPSR
> +    /* Test mode bits - in User of all are 0 */
> +    tst    r4, #(CPSR_M_MASK)
> +    /* "eq" means r4 AND #0x0F is 0 */
> +    beq    .Lskip_cpu_modes
> +
> +    mov    r3, sp /* save input SP value */
> +
> +    /* FIQ mode, interrupts disabled */
> +    mov    r1, #(CPSR_M_FIQ|CPSR_M_32BIT|CPSR_I_MASK|CPSR_F_MASK)
> +    msr    CPSR_c, r1
> +    mov    sp, r3
> +    sub    sl, sp, #0x1000    /* FIQ mode has its own SL */
> +
> +    /* Abort mode, interrupts disabled */
> +    mov    r3, sl
> +    mov    r1, #(CPSR_M_ABT|CPSR_M_32BIT|CPSR_I_MASK|CPSR_F_MASK)
> +    msr    CPSR_c, r1
> +    mov    sp, r3
> +    sub    r3, r3, #0x1000
> +
> +    /* Undefined mode, interrupts disabled */
> +    mov    r1, #(CPSR_M_UND|CPSR_M_32BIT|CPSR_I_MASK|CPSR_F_MASK)
> +    msr    CPSR_c, r1
> +    mov    sp, r3
> +    sub    r3, r3, #0x1000
> +
> +    /* IRQ mode, interrupts disabled */
> +    mov    r1, #(CPSR_M_IRQ|CPSR_M_32BIT|CPSR_I_MASK|CPSR_F_MASK)
> +    msr    CPSR_c, r1
> +    mov    sp, r3
> +    sub    r3, r3, #0x2000
> +
> +    /* Supervisory mode, interrupts disabled */
> +    mov    r1, #(CPSR_M_SVR|CPSR_M_32BIT|CPSR_I_MASK|CPSR_F_MASK)
> +    msr    CPSR_c, r1
> +    mov    sp, r3
> +
> +    sub    r3, r3, #0x8000    /* Min size 32k */
> +    bic    r3, r3, #0x00FF    /* Align with current 64k block */
> +    bic    r3, r3, #0xFF00
> +
> +# if __ARM_ARCH >= 4
> +    /* System (shares regs with User) mode, interrupts disabled */
> +    mov    r1, #(CPSR_M_SYS|CPSR_M_32BIT|CPSR_I_MASK|CPSR_F_MASK)
> +    msr    CPSR_c, r1
> +    mov    sp, r3
> +# else
> +    /* Keep this for ARMv3, but GCC actually dropped it. */
> +    /* Move value into user mode sp without changing modes, */
> +    /* via '^' form of ldm */
> +    str    r3, [r3, #-4]
> +    ldmdb    r3, {sp}^
> +# endif
> +
> +    /* Back to original mode, presumably SVC, with diabled FIQ/IRQ */
> +    orr    r4, r4, #(CPSR_I_MASK|CPSR_F_MASK)
> +    msr    CPSR_c, r4
> +
> +.Lskip_cpu_modes:
> +#endif
> +
> +    /* Set SL register */
> +#if defined (ARM_RDI_MONITOR) /* semihosting */
> +    cmp    r2, #0
> +    beq    .Lsl_forced_zero
> +    /* allow slop for stack overflow handling and small frames */
> +# ifdef THUMB1_ONLY
> +    adds    r2, #128
> +    adds    r2, #128
> +    mov    sl, r2
> +# else
> +    add    sl, r2, #256
> +# endif
> +.Lsl_forced_zero:
> +
> +#else /* standalone */
> +    /* r3 contains SP for System/User mode. Set SL = SP - 0x10000 */
> +    #ifdef THUMB1_ONLY
> +    movs    r2, #64
> +    lsls    r2, r2, #10
> +    subs    r2, r3, r2
> +    mov    sl, r2
> +    #else
> +    /* Still assumes 256bytes below sl */
> +    sub    sl, r3, #64 << 10
> +    #endif
> +#endif
> +
> +    FN_RETURN
> +    FN_EH_END
> +
> +
>  /*******************************************************************************
>  * Main library startup code.
>  *******************************************************************************/
>      .align     0
>      FUNC_START    _mainCRTStartup
>      FUNC_START    _start
> -#if defined(__ELF__) && !defined(__USING_SJLJ_EXCEPTIONS__)
> -    /* Annotation for EABI unwinding tables.  */
> -    .fnstart
> -#endif
> +    FN_EH_START
>
>      /* __ARM_ARCH_PROFILE is defined from GCC 4.8 onwards, however
> __ARM_ARCH_7A
>      has been defined since 4.2 onwards, which is when v7-a support was added
> @@ -150,36 +319,27 @@
>            to skip setting sp/sl to 0 here.
>          - Considering M-profile processors, We might want to initialize
>            sp by the first entry of vector table and return 0 to SYS_HEAPINFO
> -          semihosting call, which will be skipped here.  */
> +          semihosting call, which will be skipped here.
> +        - Considering R-profile processors there is no automatic SP
> init by hardware
> +          so we need to initialize it by default value. */
> +    ldr    r3, .Lstack
>      cmp    r1, #0
>      beq    .LC26
> -    mov    sp, r1
> +    mov    r3, r1
>  .LC26:
> -    cmp    r2, #0
> -    beq    .LC27
> +    mov    sp, r3
>
> -    /*  Allow slop for stack overflow handling and small frames.  */
> -#ifdef THUMB1_ONLY
> -    adds    r2, #128
> -    adds    r2, #128
> -    mov    sl, r2
> -#else
> -    add    sl, r2, #256
> -#endif
> +    /* r2 (SL value) will be used in _stack_init */
> +    bl FUNCTION (_stack_init)
>
> -.LC27:
> -#else
> -    /*  Set up the stack pointer to a fixed value.  */
> +
> +#else /* standalone */
> +    /*  Set up the stack pointer to a fixed value. */
>      /*  Changes by toralf:
>          - Allow linker script to provide stack via __stack symbol - see
>            defintion of .Lstack
>          - Provide "hooks" that may be used by the application to add
> -          custom init code - see .Lhwinit and .Lswinit
> -        - Go through all execution modes and set up stack for each of them.
> -          Loosely based on init.s from ARM/Motorola example code.
> -              Note: Mode switch via CPSR is not allowed once in non-privileged
> -            mode, so we take care not to enter "User" to set up its sp,
> -            and also skip most operations if already in that mode.  */
> +          custom init code - see .Lhwinit and .Lswinit */
>
>      ldr    r3, .Lstack
>      cmp    r3, #0
> @@ -198,57 +358,10 @@
>           have somehow missed it below (in which case it gets the same
>           value as FIQ - not ideal, but better than nothing).  */
>      mov    sp, r3
> -#ifdef PREFER_THUMB
> -    /* XXX Fill in stack assignments for interrupt modes.  */
> -#else
> -    mrs    r2, CPSR
> -    tst    r2, #0x0F    /* Test mode bits - in User of all are 0.  */
> -    beq    .LC23        /* "eq" means r2 AND #0x0F is 0.  */
> -    msr     CPSR_c, #0xD1    /* FIRQ mode, interrupts disabled.  */
> -    mov     sp, r3
> -    sub    sl, sp, #0x1000    /* This mode also has its own sl (see below).  */
> -
> -    mov    r3, sl
> -    msr     CPSR_c, #0xD7    /* Abort mode, interrupts disabled.  */
> -    mov    sp, r3
> -    sub    r3, r3, #0x1000
> -
> -    msr     CPSR_c, #0xDB    /* Undefined mode, interrupts disabled.  */
> -    mov    sp, r3
> -    sub    r3, r3, #0x1000
>
> -    msr     CPSR_c, #0xD2    /* IRQ mode, interrupts disabled.  */
> -    mov    sp, r3
> -    sub    r3, r3, #0x2000
> -
> -    msr     CPSR_c, #0xD3    /* Supervisory mode, interrupts disabled.  */
> +    /* we don't care of r2 value in standalone */
> +    bl FUNCTION (_stack_init)
>
> -    mov    sp, r3
> -    sub    r3, r3, #0x8000    /* Min size 32k.  */
> -    bic    r3, r3, #0x00FF    /* Align with current 64k block.  */
> -    bic    r3, r3, #0xFF00
> -
> -    str    r3, [r3, #-4]    /* Move value into user mode sp without */
> -    ldmdb    r3, {sp}^       /* changing modes, via '^' form of ldm.  */
> -    orr    r2, r2, #0xC0    /* Back to original mode, presumably SVC, */
> -    msr    CPSR_c, r2    /* with FIQ/IRQ disable bits forced to 1.  */
> -#endif
> -.LC23:
> -    /* Setup a default stack-limit in-case the code has been
> -       compiled with "-mapcs-stack-check".  Hard-wiring this value
> -       is not ideal, since there is currently no support for
> -       checking that the heap and stack have not collided, or that
> -       this default 64k is enough for the program being executed.
> -       However, it ensures that this simple crt0 world will not
> -       immediately cause an overflow event:  */
> -#ifdef THUMB1_ONLY
> -    movs    r2, #64
> -    lsls    r2, r2, #10
> -    subs    r2, r3, r2
> -    mov    sl, r2
> -#else
> -    sub    sl, r3, #64 << 10    /* Still assumes 256bytes below sl.  */
> -#endif
>  #endif
>  #endif
>      /* Zero the memory in the .bss section.  */
> @@ -447,6 +560,8 @@ change_back:
>      swi    SWI_Exit
>  #endif
>
> +    FN_EH_END
> +
>      /* For Thumb, constants must be after the code since only
>         positive offsets are supported for PC relative addresses.  */
>      .align 0
> @@ -464,9 +579,6 @@ change_back:
>  #else
>      .word    0x80000            /* Top of RAM on the PIE board.  */
>  #endif
> -
> -.Lstack:
> -    .word    __stack
>  .Lhwinit:
>      .word    FUNCTION (hardware_init_hook)
>  .Lswinit:
> @@ -479,17 +591,16 @@ change_back:
>         and only if, a normal version of the same symbol isn't provided
>         e.g. by a linker script or another object file.)  */
>
> -    .weak __stack
>      .weak FUNCTION (hardware_init_hook)
>      .weak FUNCTION (software_init_hook)
>  #endif
>
>  #endif
> -#if defined(__ELF__) && !defined(__USING_SJLJ_EXCEPTIONS__)
> -    /* Protect against unhandled exceptions.  */
> -    .cantunwind
> -    .fnend
> -#endif
> +
> +.Lstack:
> +    .word    __stack
> +    .weak    __stack
> +
>  .LC1:
>      .word    __bss_start__
>  .LC2:
> diff --git a/newlib/libc/sys/arm/arm.h b/newlib/libc/sys/arm/arm.h
> index 0489f2d92..04b3a5ac7 100644
> --- a/newlib/libc/sys/arm/arm.h
> +++ b/newlib/libc/sys/arm/arm.h
> @@ -61,4 +61,30 @@
>  # define HAVE_CALL_INDIRECT
>  #endif
>
> +/* A and R profiles (and legacy Arm).
> +    Current Program Status Register (CPSR)
> +    M[4:0]        Mode bits. M[4] is always 1 for 32-bit modes.
> +    T[5]            1: Thumb, 0: ARM instruction set
> +    F[6]            1: disables FIQ
> +    I[7]            1: disables IRQ
> +    A[8]            1: disables imprecise aborts
> +    E[9]            0: Little-endian, 1: Big-endian
> +    J[24]            1: Jazelle instruction set
> + */
> +#define CPSR_M_USR            0x00    /* User mode */
> +#define CPSR_M_FIQ            0x01    /* Fast Interrupt mode */
> +#define CPSR_M_IRQ            0x02    /* Interrupt mode */
> +#define CPSR_M_SVR            0x03    /* Supervisor mode */
> +#define CPSR_M_MON            0x06    /* Monitor mode */
> +#define CPSR_M_ABT            0x07    /* Abort mode */
> +#define CPSR_M_HYP            0x0A    /* Hypervisor mode */
> +#define CPSR_M_UND            0x0B    /* Undefined mode */
> +#define CPSR_M_SYS            0x0F    /* System mode */
> +#define CPSR_M_32BIT        0x10    /* 32-bit mode */
> +#define CPSR_T_BIT            0x20    /* Thumb bit */
> +#define CPSR_F_MASK            0x40    /* FIQ bit */
> +#define CPSR_I_MASK            0x80    /* IRQ bit */
> +
> +#define CPSR_M_MASK            0x0F    /* Mode mask except M[4] */
> +
>  #endif /* _LIBGLOSS_ARM_H */
> diff --git a/newlib/libc/sys/arm/crt0.S b/newlib/libc/sys/arm/crt0.S
> index 7a6b40d9a..0929a435e 100644
> --- a/newlib/libc/sys/arm/crt0.S
> +++ b/newlib/libc/sys/arm/crt0.S
> @@ -59,6 +59,21 @@
>  .endm
>  #endif
>
> +/* Annotation for EABI unwinding tables. */
> +.macro FN_EH_START
> +#if defined(__ELF__) && !defined(__USING_SJLJ_EXCEPTIONS__)
> +    .fnstart
> +#endif
> +.endm
> +
> +.macro FN_EH_END
> +#if defined(__ELF__) && !defined(__USING_SJLJ_EXCEPTIONS__)
> +    /* Protect against unhandled exceptions.  */
> +    .cantunwind
> +    .fnend
> +#endif
> +.endm
> +
>  .macro indirect_call reg
>  #ifdef HAVE_CALL_INDIRECT
>      blx \reg
> @@ -68,16 +83,170 @@
>  #endif
>  .endm
>
> +/* For armv4t and newer, toolchains will transparently convert
> +   'bx lr' to 'mov pc, lr' if needed. GCC has deprecated support
> +   for anything older than armv4t, but this should handle that
> +   corner case in case anyone needs it anyway */
> +.macro  FN_RETURN
> +#if __ARM_ARCH <= 4 && __ARM_ARCH_ISA_THUMB == 0
> +    mov    pc, lr
> +#else
> +    bx    lr
> +#endif
> +.endm
> +
> +
> +
> +/******************************************************************************
> +* User mode only:           This routine makes default target specific Stack
> +*   +-----+ <- SL_sys,    Pointer initialization for different processor modes:
> +*   |     |    SL_usr     FIQ, Abort, IRQ, Undefined, Supervisor, System (User)
> +*   | SYS |               and setups a default Stack Limit in-case the code has
> +*   | USR | -=0x10000     been compiled with "-mapcs-stack-check" for FIQ and
> +*   |     |               System (User) modes.
> +*   |     |
> +*   +-----+ <- initial SP,
> +*           becomes SP_sys   Hard-wiring SL value is not ideal, since there is
> +*           and SL_usr     currently no support for checking that the heap and
> +*                          stack have not collided, or that this default 64k is
> +* All modes:               is enough for the program being executed. However,
> +*   +-----+ <- SL_sys,     it ensures that this simple crt0 world will not
> +*   |     |    SL_usr      immediately cause an overflow event.
> +*   | SYS |
> +*   | USR | -=0x10000        We go through all execution modes and set up SP
> +*   |     |                for each of them.
> +*   +-----+ <- SP_sys,
> +*   |     |    SP_usr      Note:
> +*   | SVC | -= 0x8000        Mode switch via CPSR is not allowed once in
> +*   |     |                  non-privileged mode, so we take care not to enter
> +*   +-----+ <- SP_svc        "User" to set up its sp, and also skip most
> +*   |     |                  operations if already in that mode.
> +*   | IRQ | -= 0x2000
> +*   |     |                Input parameters:
> +* ^ +-----+ <- SP_und       - sp - Initialized SP
> +* s |     |                 - r2 - May contain SL value from semihosting
> +* t | UND | -= 0x1000              SYS_HEAPINFO call
> +* a |     |                Scratch registers:
> +* c +-----+ <- SP_und       - r1 - new value of CPSR
> +* k |     |                 - r2 - intermediate value (in standalone mode)
> +*   | ABT | -= 0x1000       - r3 - new SP value
> +* g |     |                 - r4 - save/restore CPSR on entry/exit
> +* r +-----+ <- SP_abt,
> +* o |     |    SL_fiq        Declared as "weak" so that user can write and use
> +* w | FIQ | -= 0x1000      his own implementation if current doesn't fit.
> +* t |     |
> +* h +-----+ <- initial SP,
> +*           becomes SP_fiq
> +*
> +******************************************************************************/
> +    .align    0
> +    FUNC_START    _stack_init
> +    .weak FUNCTION (_stack_init)
> +    FN_EH_START
> +
> +    /* M profile doesn't have CPSR register.  */
> +#if (__ARM_ARCH_PROFILE != 'M')
> +    /* Following code is compatible for both ARM and Thumb ISA */
> +    mrs    r4, CPSR
> +    /* Test mode bits - in User of all are 0 */
> +    tst    r4, #(CPSR_M_MASK)
> +    /* "eq" means r4 AND #0x0F is 0 */
> +    beq    .Lskip_cpu_modes
> +
> +    mov    r3, sp /* save input SP value */
> +
> +    /* FIQ mode, interrupts disabled */
> +    mov    r1, #(CPSR_M_FIQ|CPSR_M_32BIT|CPSR_I_MASK|CPSR_F_MASK)
> +    msr    CPSR_c, r1
> +    mov    sp, r3
> +    sub    sl, sp, #0x1000    /* FIQ mode has its own SL */
> +
> +    /* Abort mode, interrupts disabled */
> +    mov    r3, sl
> +    mov    r1, #(CPSR_M_ABT|CPSR_M_32BIT|CPSR_I_MASK|CPSR_F_MASK)
> +    msr    CPSR_c, r1
> +    mov    sp, r3
> +    sub    r3, r3, #0x1000
> +
> +    /* Undefined mode, interrupts disabled */
> +    mov    r1, #(CPSR_M_UND|CPSR_M_32BIT|CPSR_I_MASK|CPSR_F_MASK)
> +    msr    CPSR_c, r1
> +    mov    sp, r3
> +    sub    r3, r3, #0x1000
> +
> +    /* IRQ mode, interrupts disabled */
> +    mov    r1, #(CPSR_M_IRQ|CPSR_M_32BIT|CPSR_I_MASK|CPSR_F_MASK)
> +    msr    CPSR_c, r1
> +    mov    sp, r3
> +    sub    r3, r3, #0x2000
> +
> +    /* Supervisory mode, interrupts disabled */
> +    mov    r1, #(CPSR_M_SVR|CPSR_M_32BIT|CPSR_I_MASK|CPSR_F_MASK)
> +    msr    CPSR_c, r1
> +    mov    sp, r3
> +
> +    sub    r3, r3, #0x8000    /* Min size 32k */
> +    bic    r3, r3, #0x00FF    /* Align with current 64k block */
> +    bic    r3, r3, #0xFF00
> +
> +# if __ARM_ARCH >= 4
> +    /* System (shares regs with User) mode, interrupts disabled */
> +    mov    r1, #(CPSR_M_SYS|CPSR_M_32BIT|CPSR_I_MASK|CPSR_F_MASK)
> +    msr    CPSR_c, r1
> +    mov    sp, r3
> +# else
> +    /* Keep this for ARMv3, but GCC actually dropped it. */
> +    /* Move value into user mode sp without changing modes, */
> +    /* via '^' form of ldm */
> +    str    r3, [r3, #-4]
> +    ldmdb    r3, {sp}^
> +# endif
> +
> +    /* Back to original mode, presumably SVC, with diabled FIQ/IRQ */
> +    orr    r4, r4, #(CPSR_I_MASK|CPSR_F_MASK)
> +    msr    CPSR_c, r4
> +
> +.Lskip_cpu_modes:
> +#endif
> +
> +    /* Set SL register */
> +#if defined (ARM_RDI_MONITOR) /* semihosting */
> +    cmp    r2, #0
> +    beq    .Lsl_forced_zero
> +    /* allow slop for stack overflow handling and small frames */
> +# ifdef THUMB1_ONLY
> +    adds    r2, #128
> +    adds    r2, #128
> +    mov    sl, r2
> +# else
> +    add    sl, r2, #256
> +# endif
> +.Lsl_forced_zero:
> +
> +#else /* standalone */
> +    /* r3 contains SP for System/User mode. Set SL = SP - 0x10000 */
> +    #ifdef THUMB1_ONLY
> +    movs    r2, #64
> +    lsls    r2, r2, #10
> +    subs    r2, r3, r2
> +    mov    sl, r2
> +    #else
> +    /* Still assumes 256bytes below sl */
> +    sub    sl, r3, #64 << 10
> +    #endif
> +#endif
> +
> +    FN_RETURN
> +    FN_EH_END
> +
> +
>  /*******************************************************************************
>  * Main library startup code.
>  *******************************************************************************/
>      .align     0
>      FUNC_START    _mainCRTStartup
>      FUNC_START    _start
> -#if defined(__ELF__) && !defined(__USING_SJLJ_EXCEPTIONS__)
> -    /* Annotation for EABI unwinding tables.  */
> -    .fnstart
> -#endif
> +    FN_EH_START
>
>  /* Start by setting up a stack.  */
>  #ifdef ARM_RDP_MONITOR
> @@ -130,36 +299,27 @@
>            to skip setting sp/sl to 0 here.
>          - Considering M-profile processors, We might want to initialize
>            sp by the first entry of vector table and return 0 to SYS_HEAPINFO
> -          semihosting call, which will be skipped here.  */
> +          semihosting call, which will be skipped here.
> +        - Considering R-profile processors there is no automatic SP
> init by hardware
> +          so we need to initialize it by default value. */
> +    ldr    r3, .Lstack
>      cmp    r1, #0
>      beq    .LC26
> -    mov    sp, r1
> +    mov    r3, r1
>  .LC26:
> -    cmp    r2, #0
> -    beq    .LC27
> +    mov    sp, r3
>
> -    /*  Allow slop for stack overflow handling and small frames.  */
> -#ifdef THUMB1_ONLY
> -    adds    r2, #128
> -    adds    r2, #128
> -    mov    sl, r2
> -#else
> -    add    sl, r2, #256
> -#endif
> +    /* r2 (SL value) will be used in _stack_init */
> +    bl FUNCTION (_stack_init)
>
> -.LC27:
> -#else
> -    /*  Set up the stack pointer to a fixed value.  */
> +
> +#else /* standalone */
> +    /*  Set up the stack pointer to a fixed value. */
>      /*  Changes by toralf:
>          - Allow linker script to provide stack via __stack symbol - see
>            defintion of .Lstack
>          - Provide "hooks" that may be used by the application to add
> -          custom init code - see .Lhwinit and .Lswinit
> -        - Go through all execution modes and set up stack for each of them.
> -          Loosely based on init.s from ARM/Motorola example code.
> -              Note: Mode switch via CPSR is not allowed once in non-privileged
> -            mode, so we take care not to enter "User" to set up its sp,
> -            and also skip most operations if already in that mode.  */
> +          custom init code - see .Lhwinit and .Lswinit */
>
>      ldr    r3, .Lstack
>      cmp    r3, #0
> @@ -178,57 +338,10 @@
>           have somehow missed it below (in which case it gets the same
>           value as FIQ - not ideal, but better than nothing).  */
>      mov    sp, r3
> -#ifdef PREFER_THUMB
> -    /* XXX Fill in stack assignments for interrupt modes.  */
> -#else
> -    mrs    r2, CPSR
> -    tst    r2, #0x0F    /* Test mode bits - in User of all are 0.  */
> -    beq    .LC23        /* "eq" means r2 AND #0x0F is 0.  */
> -    msr     CPSR_c, #0xD1    /* FIRQ mode, interrupts disabled.  */
> -    mov     sp, r3
> -    sub    sl, sp, #0x1000    /* This mode also has its own sl (see below).  */
> -
> -    mov    r3, sl
> -    msr     CPSR_c, #0xD7    /* Abort mode, interrupts disabled.  */
> -    mov    sp, r3
> -    sub    r3, r3, #0x1000
> -
> -    msr     CPSR_c, #0xDB    /* Undefined mode, interrupts disabled.  */
> -    mov    sp, r3
> -    sub    r3, r3, #0x1000
>
> -    msr     CPSR_c, #0xD2    /* IRQ mode, interrupts disabled.  */
> -    mov    sp, r3
> -    sub    r3, r3, #0x2000
> -
> -    msr     CPSR_c, #0xD3    /* Supervisory mode, interrupts disabled.  */
> +    /* we don't care of r2 value in standalone */
> +    bl FUNCTION (_stack_init)
>
> -    mov    sp, r3
> -    sub    r3, r3, #0x8000    /* Min size 32k.  */
> -    bic    r3, r3, #0x00FF    /* Align with current 64k block.  */
> -    bic    r3, r3, #0xFF00
> -
> -    str    r3, [r3, #-4]    /* Move value into user mode sp without */
> -    ldmdb    r3, {sp}^       /* changing modes, via '^' form of ldm.  */
> -    orr    r2, r2, #0xC0    /* Back to original mode, presumably SVC, */
> -    msr    CPSR_c, r2    /* with FIQ/IRQ disable bits forced to 1.  */
> -#endif
> -.LC23:
> -    /* Setup a default stack-limit in-case the code has been
> -       compiled with "-mapcs-stack-check".  Hard-wiring this value
> -       is not ideal, since there is currently no support for
> -       checking that the heap and stack have not collided, or that
> -       this default 64k is enough for the program being executed.
> -       However, it ensures that this simple crt0 world will not
> -       immediately cause an overflow event:  */
> -#ifdef THUMB1_ONLY
> -    movs    r2, #64
> -    lsls    r2, r2, #10
> -    subs    r2, r3, r2
> -    mov    sl, r2
> -#else
> -    sub    sl, r3, #64 << 10    /* Still assumes 256bytes below sl.  */
> -#endif
>  #endif
>  #endif
>      /* Zero the memory in the .bss section.  */
> @@ -421,6 +534,8 @@ change_back:
>      swi    SWI_Exit
>  #endif
>
> +    FN_EH_END
> +
>      /* For Thumb, constants must be after the code since only
>         positive offsets are supported for PC relative addresses.  */
>      .align 0
> @@ -438,9 +553,6 @@ change_back:
>  #else
>      .word    0x80000            /* Top of RAM on the PIE board.  */
>  #endif
> -
> -.Lstack:
> -    .word    __stack
>  .Lhwinit:
>      .word    FUNCTION (hardware_init_hook)
>  .Lswinit:
> @@ -453,17 +565,16 @@ change_back:
>         and only if, a normal version of the same symbol isn't provided
>         e.g. by a linker script or another object file.)  */
>
> -    .weak __stack
>      .weak FUNCTION (hardware_init_hook)
>      .weak FUNCTION (software_init_hook)
>  #endif
>
>  #endif
> -#if defined(__ELF__) && !defined(__USING_SJLJ_EXCEPTIONS__)
> -    /* Protect against unhandled exceptions.  */
> -    .cantunwind
> -    .fnend
> -#endif
> +
> +.Lstack:
> +    .word    __stack
> +    .weak    __stack
> +
>  .LC1:
>      .word    __bss_start__
>  .LC2:
> --
> 2.20.1.windows.1
>
>
> On Wed, Apr 10, 2019 at 6:57 PM Alexander Fedotov <alfedotov@gmail.com> wrote:
> >
> > Hi Richard
> >
> > New patch is below (only for libgloss).
> > If it's fine with you I will do the same changes in newlib/libc/sys/arm as well.
> >
> > >This code is clearly ARM/Thumb2 only.  Have you tested that this builds
> > >for, say ARM7TDMI in thumb state?  If you use a build of gcc configured
> > >with --with-multilib-list=aprofile or --with-multilib-list=rmprofile
> > >you'll get pretty comprehensive checking of all the variants that need
> > >to be supported (beware, it can take quite a long time, even on a fast
> > >machine).  At the very least, this code needs to be checked on:
> >
> > I have built gcc with --with-multilib-list=rmprofile
> > Unfortunately I have no ability to check on all of them. At least this code is
> > verified on Cortex-r52 that was the aim.
> >
> >
> >
> > >This implies dropping support for Armv3 as system mode was added in
> > >Armv4.  That's probably not an issue now as GCC has also dropped such
> > >support, but it should be added to the News.
> > I don't see News file for newlib. But I have preserved original
> > version in the patch.
> > I suggest to drop Armv3 by another commit.
> >
> >
> > I can't get why description is corrupted for _stack_init function in
> > the patch below while lines
> > are less than 80 symbols :(
> >
> >
> > From c8ff1ecf005dba2a4a69c5754b1911c0d351aba5 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
> > From: Alexander Fedotov <alfedotov@gmail.com>
> > Date: Wed, 23 Jan 2019 13:33:14 +0300
> > Subject: [PATCH] SP initialization changes:   1. set default value in
> >  semihosting case as well   2. moved existing SP & SL init code for processor
> >  modes in separate routine and made it as "hook"   3. init SP for processor
> >  modes in Thumb mode as well Add new macro FN_RETURN, FN_EH_START and
> >  FN_EH_END.
> >
> > ---
> >  libgloss/arm/arm.h  |  26 +++++
> >  libgloss/arm/crt0.S | 279 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++-------------
> >  2 files changed, 224 insertions(+), 81 deletions(-)
> >
> > diff --git a/libgloss/arm/arm.h b/libgloss/arm/arm.h
> > index 0489f2d92..04b3a5ac7 100644
> > --- a/libgloss/arm/arm.h
> > +++ b/libgloss/arm/arm.h
> > @@ -61,4 +61,30 @@
> >  # define HAVE_CALL_INDIRECT
> >  #endif
> >
> > +/* A and R profiles (and legacy Arm).
> > +    Current Program Status Register (CPSR)
> > +    M[4:0]        Mode bits. M[4] is always 1 for 32-bit modes.
> > +    T[5]            1: Thumb, 0: ARM instruction set
> > +    F[6]            1: disables FIQ
> > +    I[7]            1: disables IRQ
> > +    A[8]            1: disables imprecise aborts
> > +    E[9]            0: Little-endian, 1: Big-endian
> > +    J[24]            1: Jazelle instruction set
> > + */
> > +#define CPSR_M_USR            0x00    /* User mode */
> > +#define CPSR_M_FIQ            0x01    /* Fast Interrupt mode */
> > +#define CPSR_M_IRQ            0x02    /* Interrupt mode */
> > +#define CPSR_M_SVR            0x03    /* Supervisor mode */
> > +#define CPSR_M_MON            0x06    /* Monitor mode */
> > +#define CPSR_M_ABT            0x07    /* Abort mode */
> > +#define CPSR_M_HYP            0x0A    /* Hypervisor mode */
> > +#define CPSR_M_UND            0x0B    /* Undefined mode */
> > +#define CPSR_M_SYS            0x0F    /* System mode */
> > +#define CPSR_M_32BIT        0x10    /* 32-bit mode */
> > +#define CPSR_T_BIT            0x20    /* Thumb bit */
> > +#define CPSR_F_MASK            0x40    /* FIQ bit */
> > +#define CPSR_I_MASK            0x80    /* IRQ bit */
> > +
> > +#define CPSR_M_MASK            0x0F    /* Mode mask except M[4] */
> > +
> >  #endif /* _LIBGLOSS_ARM_H */
> > diff --git a/libgloss/arm/crt0.S b/libgloss/arm/crt0.S
> > index c708f63d8..89256d5e8 100644
> > --- a/libgloss/arm/crt0.S
> > +++ b/libgloss/arm/crt0.S
> > @@ -59,6 +59,21 @@
> >  .endm
> >  #endif
> >
> > +/* Annotation for EABI unwinding tables. */
> > +.macro FN_EH_START
> > +#if defined(__ELF__) && !defined(__USING_SJLJ_EXCEPTIONS__)
> > +    .fnstart
> > +#endif
> > +.endm
> > +
> > +.macro FN_EH_END
> > +#if defined(__ELF__) && !defined(__USING_SJLJ_EXCEPTIONS__)
> > +    /* Protect against unhandled exceptions.  */
> > +    .cantunwind
> > +    .fnend
> > +#endif
> > +.endm
> > +
> >  .macro indirect_call reg
> >  #ifdef HAVE_CALL_INDIRECT
> >      blx \reg
> > @@ -68,14 +83,170 @@
> >  #endif
> >  .endm
> >
> > -    .align     0
> > +/* For armv4t and newer, toolchains will transparently convert
> > +   'bx lr' to 'mov pc, lr' if needed. GCC has deprecated support
> > +   for anything older than armv4t, but this should handle that
> > +   corner case in case anyone needs it anyway */
> > +.macro  FN_RETURN
> > +#if __ARM_ARCH <= 4 && __ARM_ARCH_ISA_THUMB == 0
> > +    mov    pc, lr
> > +#else
> > +    bx    lr
> > +#endif
> > +.endm
> > +
> > +
> > +
> > +/******************************************************************************
> > +* User mode only:           This routine makes default target specific Stack
> > +*   +-----+ <- SL_sys,    Pointer initialization for different processor modes:
> > +*   |     |    SL_usr     FIQ, Abort, IRQ, Undefined, Supervisor, System (User)
> > +*   | SYS |               and setups a default Stack Limit in-case the code has
> > +*   | USR | -=0x10000     been compiled with "-mapcs-stack-check" for FIQ and
> > +*   |     |               System (User) modes.
> > +*   |     |
> > +*   +-----+ <- initial SP,
> > +*           becomes SP_sys   Hard-wiring SL value is not ideal, since there is
> > +*           and SL_usr     currently no support for checking that the heap and
> > +*                          stack have not collided, or that this default 64k is
> > +* All modes:               is enough for the program being executed. However,
> > +*   +-----+ <- SL_sys,     it ensures that this simple crt0 world will not
> > +*   |     |    SL_usr      immediately cause an overflow event.
> > +*   | SYS |
> > +*   | USR | -=0x10000        We go through all execution modes and set up SP
> > +*   |     |                for each of them.
> > +*   +-----+ <- SP_sys,
> > +*   |     |    SP_usr      Note:
> > +*   | SVC | -= 0x8000        Mode switch via CPSR is not allowed once in
> > +*   |     |                  non-privileged mode, so we take care not to enter
> > +*   +-----+ <- SP_svc        "User" to set up its sp, and also skip most
> > +*   |     |                  operations if already in that mode.
> > +*   | IRQ | -= 0x2000
> > +*   |     |                Input parameters:
> > +* ^ +-----+ <- SP_und       - sp - Initialized SP
> > +* s |     |                 - r2 - May contain SL value from semihosting
> > +* t | UND | -= 0x1000              SYS_HEAPINFO call
> > +* a |     |                Scratch registers:
> > +* c +-----+ <- SP_und       - r1 - new value of CPSR
> > +* k |     |                 - r2 - intermediate value (in standalone mode)
> > +*   | ABT | -= 0x1000       - r3 - new SP value
> > +* g |     |                 - r4 - save/restore CPSR on entry/exit
> > +* r +-----+ <- SP_abt,
> > +* o |     |    SL_fiq        Declared as "weak" so that user can write and use
> > +* w | FIQ | -= 0x1000      his own implementation if current doesn't fit.
> > +* t |     |
> > +* h +-----+ <- initial SP,
> > +*           becomes SP_fiq
> > +*
> > +******************************************************************************/
> > +    .align    0
> > +    FUNC_START    _stack_init
> > +    .weak FUNCTION (_stack_init)
> > +    FN_EH_START
> > +
> > +    /* M profile doesn't have CPSR register.  */
> > +#if (__ARM_ARCH_PROFILE != 'M')
> > +    /* Following code is compatible for both ARM and Thumb ISA */
> > +    mrs    r4, CPSR
> > +    /* Test mode bits - in User of all are 0 */
> > +    tst    r4, #(CPSR_M_MASK)
> > +    /* "eq" means r4 AND #0x0F is 0 */
> > +    beq    .Lskip_cpu_modes
> > +
> > +    mov    r3, sp /* save input SP value */
> > +
> > +    /* FIQ mode, interrupts disabled */
> > +    mov    r1, #(CPSR_M_FIQ|CPSR_M_32BIT|CPSR_I_MASK|CPSR_F_MASK)
> > +    msr    CPSR_c, r1
> > +    mov    sp, r3
> > +    sub    sl, sp, #0x1000    /* FIQ mode has its own SL */
> > +
> > +    /* Abort mode, interrupts disabled */
> > +    mov    r3, sl
> > +    mov    r1, #(CPSR_M_ABT|CPSR_M_32BIT|CPSR_I_MASK|CPSR_F_MASK)
> > +    msr    CPSR_c, r1
> > +    mov    sp, r3
> > +    sub    r3, r3, #0x1000
> > +
> > +    /* Undefined mode, interrupts disabled */
> > +    mov    r1, #(CPSR_M_UND|CPSR_M_32BIT|CPSR_I_MASK|CPSR_F_MASK)
> > +    msr    CPSR_c, r1
> > +    mov    sp, r3
> > +    sub    r3, r3, #0x1000
> > +
> > +    /* IRQ mode, interrupts disabled */
> > +    mov    r1, #(CPSR_M_IRQ|CPSR_M_32BIT|CPSR_I_MASK|CPSR_F_MASK)
> > +    msr    CPSR_c, r1
> > +    mov    sp, r3
> > +    sub    r3, r3, #0x2000
> > +
> > +    /* Supervisory mode, interrupts disabled */
> > +    mov    r1, #(CPSR_M_SVR|CPSR_M_32BIT|CPSR_I_MASK|CPSR_F_MASK)
> > +    msr    CPSR_c, r1
> > +    mov    sp, r3
> > +
> > +    sub    r3, r3, #0x8000    /* Min size 32k */
> > +    bic    r3, r3, #0x00FF    /* Align with current 64k block */
> > +    bic    r3, r3, #0xFF00
> > +
> > +# if __ARM_ARCH > 3
> > +    /* System (shares regs with User) mode, interrupts disabled */
> > +    mov    r1, #(CPSR_M_SYS|CPSR_M_32BIT|CPSR_I_MASK|CPSR_F_MASK)
> > +    msr    CPSR_c, r1
> > +    mov    sp, r3
> > +# else
> > +    /* Keep this for ARMv3, but GCC actually dropped it. */
> > +    /* Move value into user mode sp without changing modes, */
> > +    /* via '^' form of ldm */
> > +    str    r3, [r3, #-4]
> > +    ldmdb    r3, {sp}^
> > +# endif
> > +
> > +    /* Back to original mode, presumably SVC, with diabled FIQ/IRQ */
> > +    orr    r4, r4, #(CPSR_I_MASK|CPSR_F_MASK)
> > +    msr    CPSR_c, r4
> > +
> > +.Lskip_cpu_modes:
> > +#endif
> > +
> > +    /* Set SL register */
> > +#if defined (ARM_RDI_MONITOR) /* semihosting */
> > +    cmp    r2, #0
> > +    beq    .Lsl_forced_zero
> > +    /* allow slop for stack overflow handling and small frames */
> > +# ifdef THUMB1_ONLY
> > +    adds    r2, #128
> > +    adds    r2, #128
> > +    mov    sl, r2
> > +# else
> > +    add    sl, r2, #256
> > +# endif
> > +.Lsl_forced_zero:
> > +
> > +#else /* standalone */
> > +    /* r3 contains SP for System/User mode. Set SL = SP - 0x10000 */
> > +    #ifdef THUMB1_ONLY
> > +    movs    r2, #64
> > +    lsls    r2, r2, #10
> > +    subs    r2, r3, r2
> > +    mov    sl, r2
> > +    #else
> > +    /* Still assumes 256bytes below sl */
> > +    sub    sl, r3, #64 << 10
> > +    #endif
> > +#endif
> > +
> > +    FN_RETURN
> > +    FN_EH_END
> >
> > +
> > +/*******************************************************************************
> > +* Main library startup code.
> > +*******************************************************************************/
> > +    .align     0
> >      FUNC_START    _mainCRTStartup
> >      FUNC_START    _start
> > -#if defined(__ELF__) && !defined(__USING_SJLJ_EXCEPTIONS__)
> > -    /* Annotation for EABI unwinding tables.  */
> > -    .fnstart
> > -#endif
> > +    FN_EH_START
> >
> >      /* __ARM_ARCH_PROFILE is defined from GCC 4.8 onwards, however
> > __ARM_ARCH_7A
> >      has been defined since 4.2 onwards, which is when v7-a support was added
> > @@ -148,34 +319,27 @@
> >            to skip setting sp/sl to 0 here.
> >          - Considering M-profile processors, We might want to initialize
> >            sp by the first entry of vector table and return 0 to SYS_HEAPINFO
> > -          semihosting call, which will be skipped here. */
> > +          semihosting call, which will be skipped here.
> > +        - Considering R-profile processors there is no automatic SP
> > init by hardware
> > +          so we need to initialize it by default value. */
> > +    ldr    r3, .Lstack
> >      cmp    r1, #0
> >      beq    .LC26
> > -    mov    sp, r1
> > +    mov    r3, r1
> >  .LC26:
> > -    cmp    r2, #0
> > -    beq    .LC27
> > -    /*  allow slop for stack overflow handling and small frames */
> > -#ifdef THUMB1_ONLY
> > -    adds    r2, #128
> > -    adds    r2, #128
> > -    mov    sl, r2
> > -#else
> > -    add    sl, r2, #256
> > -#endif
> > -.LC27:
> > -#else
> > +    mov    sp, r3
> > +
> > +    /* r2 (SL value) will be used in _stack_init */
> > +    bl FUNCTION (_stack_init)
> > +
> > +
> > +#else /* standalone */
> >      /*  Set up the stack pointer to a fixed value */
> >      /*  Changes by toralf:
> >          - Allow linker script to provide stack via __stack symbol - see
> >            defintion of .Lstack
> >          - Provide "hooks" that may be used by the application to add
> > -          custom init code - see .Lhwinit and .Lswinit
> > -        - Go through all execution modes and set up stack for each of them.
> > -          Loosely based on init.s from ARM/Motorola example code.
> > -              Note: Mode switch via CPSR is not allowed once in non-privileged
> > -            mode, so we take care not to enter "User" to set up its sp,
> > -            and also skip most operations if already in that mode. */
> > +          custom init code - see .Lhwinit and .Lswinit */
> >
> >      ldr    r3, .Lstack
> >      cmp    r3, #0
> > @@ -194,57 +358,11 @@
> >           have somehow missed it below (in which case it gets the same
> >           value as FIQ - not ideal, but better than nothing.) */
> >      mov    sp, r3
> > -#ifdef PREFER_THUMB
> > -    /* XXX Fill in stack assignments for interrupt modes.  */
> > -#else
> > -    mrs    r2, CPSR
> > -    tst    r2, #0x0F    /* Test mode bits - in User of all are 0 */
> > -    beq    .LC23        /* "eq" means r2 AND #0x0F is 0 */
> > -    msr     CPSR_c, #0xD1    /* FIRQ mode, interrupts disabled */
> > -    mov     sp, r3
> > -    sub    sl, sp, #0x1000    /* This mode also has its own sl (see below) */
> > -
> > -    mov    r3, sl
> > -    msr     CPSR_c, #0xD7    /* Abort mode, interrupts disabled */
> > -    mov    sp, r3
> > -    sub    r3, r3, #0x1000
> > -
> > -    msr     CPSR_c, #0xDB    /* Undefined mode, interrupts disabled */
> > -    mov    sp, r3
> > -    sub    r3, r3, #0x1000
> >
> > -    msr     CPSR_c, #0xD2    /* IRQ mode, interrupts disabled */
> > -    mov    sp, r3
> > -    sub    r3, r3, #0x2000
> > -
> > -    msr     CPSR_c, #0xD3    /* Supervisory mode, interrupts disabled */
> > +    /* we don't care of r2 value in standalone */
> > +    bl FUNCTION (_stack_init)
> >
> > -    mov    sp, r3
> > -    sub    r3, r3, #0x8000    /* Min size 32k */
> > -    bic    r3, r3, #0x00FF    /* Align with current 64k block */
> > -    bic    r3, r3, #0xFF00
> >
> > -    str    r3, [r3, #-4]    /* Move value into user mode sp without */
> > -    ldmdb    r3, {sp}^       /* changing modes, via '^' form of ldm */
> > -    orr    r2, r2, #0xC0    /* Back to original mode, presumably SVC, */
> > -    msr    CPSR_c, r2    /* with FIQ/IRQ disable bits forced to 1 */
> > -#endif
> > -.LC23:
> > -    /* Setup a default stack-limit in-case the code has been
> > -       compiled with "-mapcs-stack-check".  Hard-wiring this value
> > -       is not ideal, since there is currently no support for
> > -       checking that the heap and stack have not collided, or that
> > -       this default 64k is enough for the program being executed.
> > -       However, it ensures that this simple crt0 world will not
> > -       immediately cause an overflow event:  */
> > -#ifdef THUMB1_ONLY
> > -    movs    r2, #64
> > -    lsls    r2, r2, #10
> > -    subs    r2, r3, r2
> > -    mov    sl, r2
> > -#else
> > -    sub    sl, r3, #64 << 10    /* Still assumes 256bytes below sl */
> > -#endif
> >  #endif
> >  #endif
> >      /* Zero the memory in the .bss section.  */
> > @@ -445,6 +563,8 @@ change_back:
> >      swi    SWI_Exit
> >  #endif
> >
> > +    FN_EH_END
> > +
> >      /* For Thumb, constants must be after the code since only
> >         positive offsets are supported for PC relative addresses.  */
> >
> > @@ -464,8 +584,6 @@ change_back:
> >  #else
> >      .word    0x80000            /* Top of RAM on the PIE board.  */
> >  #endif
> > -.Lstack:
> > -    .word    __stack
> >  .Lhwinit:
> >      .word    FUNCTION (hardware_init_hook)
> >  .Lswinit:
> > @@ -478,17 +596,16 @@ change_back:
> >         and only if, a normal version of the same symbol isn't provided
> >         e.g. by a linker script or another object file.) */
> >
> > -    .weak __stack
> >      .weak FUNCTION (hardware_init_hook)
> >      .weak FUNCTION (software_init_hook)
> >  #endif
> >
> >  #endif
> > -#if defined(__ELF__) && !defined(__USING_SJLJ_EXCEPTIONS__)
> > -    /* Protect against unhandled exceptions.  */
> > -    .cantunwind
> > -    .fnend
> > -#endif
> > +
> > +.Lstack:
> > +    .word    __stack
> > +    .weak    __stack
> > +
> >  .LC1:
> >      .word    __bss_start__
> >  .LC2:
> > --
> > 2.20.1.windows.1
> >
> >
> >
> > On Wed, Apr 10, 2019 at 5:55 PM Richard Earnshaw (lists)
> > <Richard.Earnshaw@arm.com> wrote:
> > >
> > > On 10/04/2019 15:23, Corinna Vinschen wrote:
> > > > Hi Richard,
> > > >
> > > > On Apr 10 13:26, Richard Earnshaw (lists) wrote:
> > > >> On 19/03/2019 13:54, Alexander Fedotov wrote:
> > > >>> Hi all
> > > >>>
> > > >>> In continue of threads
> > > >>> https://sourceware.org/ml/newlib/2019/msg00117.html and
> > > >>> https://sourceware.org/ml/newlib/2019/msg00102.html
> > > >>>
> > > >>> I have reworked stack pointer initialization and stack limit as well.
> > > >>> General idea behind of all these changes is to provide hook for
> > > >>> flexibility (including semihosting when debug tap is used) and improve
> > > >>> readability of existing crt0 code.
> > > >>> And now code makes SP initialization in Thumb mode :)
> > > >>>
> > > >>> Any comments are very appreciated.
> > > >>>
> > > >>> Alex
> > > >>>
> > > >>
> > > >> Apologies once again for the delayed review.
> > > >>
> > > >> A small plea: when posting patches, please can you ensure that your
> > > >> attachments are text/patch, or something similar, so that replies will
> > > >> include the contents (and I can view them directly in the email rather
> > > >> than having to mess about extracting the attachment).
> > > >
> > > > Ideally the patches are inline patches sent with `git send-email' or
> > > > equivalent.  I added some wording in terms of how to provide patches to
> > > > https://sourceware.org/newlib/ lately.  Do you have a suggestion for
> > > > improving this?
> > > >
> > > >
> > > > Thanks,
> > > > Corinna
> > > >
> > >
> > > Not really;  When I use git format-patch with --attach I get
> > > text/x-patch as the MIME type, which is fine.  Problems only start if
> > > users have poorly configured mail client that attach as octet-stream or
> > > other binary types.  Then mail clients can't display the attachment
> > > inline as they don't know the format is really displayable.
> > >
> > > R.


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