[PATCH][binutils][Arm][2/3] Add support for float16 (IEEE and Alternative formats) for Arm backend.

[Barnaby Wilks <Barnaby dot Wilks at arm dot com>]

Hello,

This is part of a patch series that implements a directive for assembling 16-bit floating point constants for Arm and AArch64.

This patch implements the float16 directive for both the IEEE 754 format and the Arm alternative format for the
Arm backend.

The syntax of the directive is:
.float16 <0-n decimal numbers>
e.g.
.float16 12.0
.float16 0.23, 433.1, 0.06

The Arm alternative format is almost identical to the IEEE 754 format, except that it doesn't
encode for NaNs or Infinity (instead an exponent of 0x1F represents a normalized number in the range
65536 to 131008).

The alternative format is documented in the reference manual:
https://static.docs.arm.com/ddi0487/db/DDI0487D_b_armv8_arm.pdf?_ga=2.72318806.49764181.1561632697-999473562.1560847439

Which format is used is controlled by the
.eabi_attribute Tag_ABI_FP_16bit_format, <...>
directive, where if
<...> = 1 then use the IEEE 754 half-precision format else if
<...> = 2 then use the Arm alternative format

Added testcases to verify the correct encoding for both formats (for both big and little endian targets),
as well as tests verifying that warnings are thrown if trying to encode NaN or Infinity when using
the Arm alternative format.
The encodings have been cross referenced with GCC's encoding for __fp16 types to ensure consistency.

Cross compiled and regtested on arm-none-eabi and arm-none-linux-gnueabihf

I don't have write access, so if it's OK then could someone commit on my behalf?

Thanks,
Barney

gas/ChangeLog:

2019-07-11  Barnaby Wilks<barnaby.wilks@arm.com>

	* config/tc-arm.c (md_atof): Set precision for float16 type.
	(enum fp_16bit_format): Add enum to represent the 2 float16 encodings.
	(arm_is_largest_exponent_ok): Check for whether to encode with the IEEE or alternative
	format.
	* config/tc-arm.h (TC_LARGEST_EXPONENT_IS_NORMAL): Macro that expands to
	arm_is_largest_exponent_ok.
	(arm_is_largest_exponent_ok): Add prototype for arm_is_largest_exponent_ok function.
	* testsuite/gas/arm/float16-bad.d: New test.
	* testsuite/gas/arm/float16-bad.l: New test.
	* testsuite/gas/arm/float16-bad.s: New test.
	* testsuite/gas/arm/float16-be.d: New test.
	* testsuite/gas/arm/float16-be.s: New test.
	* testsuite/gas/arm/float16-le.d: New test.
	* testsuite/gas/arm/float16-le.s: New test.

Attachment: float16_arm.txt
Description: float16_arm.txt