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Update x86-64 PLT for MPX
- From: "H.J. Lu" <hjl dot tools at gmail dot com>
- To: GCC Development <gcc at gcc dot gnu dot org>, GNU C Library <libc-alpha at sourceware dot org>, Binutils <binutils at sourceware dot org>, GDB <gdb at sourceware dot org>, "x86-64-abi at googlegroups dot com" <x86-64-abi at googlegroups dot com>
- Cc: Igor Zamyatin <izamyatin at gmail dot com>
- Date: Sat, 18 Jan 2014 08:11:35 -0800
- Subject: Update x86-64 PLT for MPX
- Authentication-results: sourceware.org; auth=none
Hi,
Here is the proposal to update x86-64 PLT for MPX. The linker change
is implemented on hjl/mpx/pltext8 branch. Any comments/feedbacks?
Thanks.
--
H.J.
---
Intel MPX:
http://software.intel.com/en-us/file/319433-017pdf
introduces 4 bound registers, which will be used for parameter passing
in x86-64. Bound registers are cleared by branch instructions. Branch
instructions with BND prefix will keep bound register contents. This leads
to 2 requirements to 64-bit MPX run-time:
1. Dynamic linker (ld.so) should save and restore bound registers during
symbol lookup.
2. Change the current 16-byte PLT0:
ff 35 08 00 00 00 pushq GOT+8(%rip)
ff 25 00 10 00 jmpq *GOT+16(%rip)
0f 1f 40 00 nopl 0x0(%rax)
and 16-byte PLT1:
ff 25 00 00 00 00 jmpq *name@GOTPCREL(%rip)
68 00 00 00 00 pushq $index
e9 00 00 00 00 jmpq PLT0
which clear bound registers, to preserve bound registers.
We use 2 new relocations:
#define R_X86_64_PC32_BND 39 /* PC relative 32 bit signed with BND prefix */
#define R_X86_64_PLT32_BND 40 /* 32 bit PLT address with BND prefix */
to mark branch instructions with BND prefix.
When linker sees any R_X86_64_PC32_BND or R_X86_64_PLT32_BND relocations,
it switches to a different PLT0:
ff 35 08 00 00 00 pushq GOT+8(%rip)
f2 ff 25 00 10 00 bnd jmpq *GOT+16(%rip)
0f 1f 00 nopl (%rax)
to preserve bound registers for symbol lookup and it also creates an
external PLT section, .pl.bnd. Linker will create a BND PLT1 entry
in .plt:
68 00 00 00 00 pushq $index
f2 e9 00 00 00 00 bnd jmpq PLT0
0f 1f 44 00 00 nopl 0(%rax,%rax,1)
and a 8-byte BND PLT entry in .plt.bnd:
f2 ff 25 00 00 00 00 bnd jmpq *name@GOTPCREL(%rip)
90 nop
Otherwise, linker will create a legacy PLT entry in .plt:
68 00 00 00 00 pushq $index
e9 00 00 00 00 jmpq PLT0
66 0f 1f 44 00 00 nopw 0(%rax,%rax,1)
and a 8-byte legacy PLT in .plt.bnd:
ff 25 00 00 00 00 jmpq *name@GOTPCREL(%rip)
66 90 xchg %ax,%ax
The initial value of the GOT entry for "name" will be set to the the
"pushq" instruction in the corresponding entry in .plt. Linker will
resolve reference of symbol "name" to the entry in the second PLT,
.plt.bnd.
Prelink stores the offset of pushq of PLT1 (plt_base + 0x10) in GOT[1]
and GOT[1] is stored in GOT[3]. We can undo prelink in GOT by computing
the corresponding the pushq offset with
GOT[1] + (GOT offset - &GOT[3]) * 2
Since for each entry in .plt except for PLT0 we create a 8-byte entry in
.plt.bnd, there is extra 8-byte per PLT symbol.
We also investigated the 16-byte entry for .plt.bnd. We compared the
8-byte entry vs the the 16-byte entry for .plt.bnd on Sandy Bridge.
There are no performance differences in SPEC CPU 2000/2006 as well as
micro benchmarks.
Pros:
No change to undo prelink in dynamic linker.
Only 8-byte memory overhead for each PLT symbol.
Cons:
Extra .plt.bnd section is needed.
Extra 8 byte for legacy branches to PLT.
GDB is unware of the new layout of .plt and .plt.bnd.