string: Fix buffer overrun in picolibc/newlib/libc/string/strrchr.c (#184)

string: Fix buffer overrun in picolibc/newlib/libc/string/strrchr.c (#184)

Reported by prodisDown:

	In picolibc/newlib/libc/string/strrchr.c

	if (i) { while ((s=strchr(s, i))) { last = s; s++; } } else { last = strchr(s, i); }

	Value (for example 0xFFFFFF00) in if (i) can pass test and
	then be typecasted to char inside strchr(). Then s++ and then
	buffer overrun.

	It can be fixed by preventive typecast i = (int) (char) i; or
	typecasting inside expression if ((char) i).

Fixed by casting to char.

Signed-off-by: Keith Packard <keithp@keithp.com>