3.5 Command options

Some commands accept options starting with a leading dash. For example, print -pretty. Similarly to command names, you can abbreviate a GDB option to the first few letters of the option name, if that abbreviation is unambiguous, and you can also use the TAB key to get GDB to fill out the rest of a word in an option (or to show you the alternatives available, if there is more than one possibility).

Some commands take raw input as argument. For example, the print command processes arbitrary expressions in any of the languages supported by GDB. With such commands, because raw input may start with a leading dash that would be confused with an option or any of its abbreviations, e.g. print -p (short for print -pretty or printing negative p?), if you specify any command option, then you must use a double-dash (--) delimiter to indicate the end of options.

Some options are described as accepting an argument which can be either on or off. These are known as boolean options. Similarly to boolean settings commands—on and off are the typical values, but any of 1, yes and enable can also be used as “true” value, and any of 0, no and disable can also be used as “false” value. You can also omit a “true” value, as it is implied by default.

For example, these are equivalent:

(gdb) print -object on -pretty off -element unlimited -- *myptr
(gdb) p -o -p 0 -e u -- *myptr

You can discover the set of options some command accepts by completing on - after the command name. For example:

(gdb) print -TABTAB
-address         -max-depth               -object          -static-members
-array           -memory-tag-violations   -pretty          -symbol
-array-indexes   -nibbles                 -raw-values      -union
-elements        -null-stop               -repeats         -vtbl

Completion will in some cases guide you with a suggestion of what kind of argument an option expects. For example:

(gdb) print -elements TABTAB
NUMBER     unlimited

Here, the option expects a number (e.g., 100), not literal NUMBER. Such metasyntactical arguments are always presented in uppercase.

(For more on using the print command, see Examining Data.)